泰安市景观格局和生境质量时空演变及其关联分析

Spatio-Temporal Evolution and Correlation Analysis of Landscape Pattern and Habitat Quality in Tai'an City

基于2000-2018年土地利用类型数据,采用景观指数、InVEST模型等方法,分析泰安市景观格局、生境质量演变特征与冷热点分布,并利用灰色关联度模型揭示生境质量与景观指数的关联性。结果表明:1)耕地、林地和草地减少,建设用地和湿地增加,并以耕地流向建设用地和湿地为主,研究区景观连通性减弱,景观格局总体趋向破碎化。2)泰安市生境质量整体处于中等以上水平,但中等、良好和优等生境三者占比之和不断减少,由87.88%降低到82.98%,生境质量虽局部得到改善但总体有衰退趋势;热点分析表明,生境质量较高的热点区主要集中在以湿地、林地和草地为主的区域,生境质量较低的冷点区集中于各区县的主城区及其外围。3)生境质量水平与蔓延度指数、边缘密度、斑块数和耕地面积等景观指数具有较强关联性。研究认为,在生境质量高值区应加强林地、草地、湿地景观的整体性、连通性保护,防止景观破碎化,在生境退化严重的建成区应加强城市绿色空间建设;该研究为泰安市景观格局优化、生境保护和生态系统服务管控提供一定参考。

Based on land use type data from 2000 to 2018,landscape index and InVEST model were used to analyze the evolution characteristics of landscape pattern and habitat quality,as well as the distribution of cold and hot spots of habitat quality in Tai'an City.The grey relational model was used to reveal the correlation between habitat quality and landscape index.The results showed that 1)cultivated land,forest land and grassland decreased,while construction land and wetland increased,and the flow of cultivated land to construction land and wetland was dominant.The landscape connectivity of the study area was weakened,and the landscape pattern tended to be fragmented.2)On the whole,the habitat quality was above the medium level,but the sum of the proportion of medium,good and excellent habitats decreased from 87.88%to 82.98%.Although the habitat quality was partially improved,there was a general trend of decline.The hot spot analysis showed that the hot spots with higher habitat quality were mainly concentrated in the wetland,forest land and grassland ecosystem areas,while the cold spot areas with lower habitat quality were concentrated in the main urban areas of districts and counties and their peripheries.3)Habitat quality level was strongly correlated with landscape indices such as CONTAG,ED,NP and cultivated land area.It was suggested that the protection of the integrity and connectivity of forest land,grassland and wetland landscape should be strengthened for the high-grade habitat in Tai'an City to prevent landscape fragmentation,and the construction of urban green space should be strengthened in the built-up areas with serious habitat degradation.This research provides some references for Tai'an City landscape pattern optimization,habitat protection and ecosystem service management and control.