传染病医院医护人员工作倦怠与心理健康相关性分析

Correlation between job burnout and mental health of medical staff in infectious disease hospitals

目的调查新冠肺炎疫情期间传染病医院医护人员工作倦怠与心理健康状况,探讨工作倦怠与心理健康的影响因素。方法利用随机抽样的方法选取广西新冠肺炎定点收治医院214名从事传染病防治工作医护人员作为研究对象,采用《Maslash工作倦怠量表》、中文版Utrecht-9工作投入量表(UWES-9)、健康问卷抑郁症筛查量表(PHQ-9)、焦虑症筛查量表(GAD-7)和工作满意度量表对研究对象进行问卷调查。结果广西从事传染病工作的医护人员工作倦怠处于中等水平,工作倦怠的平均分为(13.50±5.823)分,其中医生的得分(15.64±7.080)分,护士的得分(12.65±5.022)分,医生的工作倦怠得分高于护士(t=-3.389,P<0.05)。医护人员的工作倦怠与工作投入量、抑郁症状、焦虑症呈正相关,相关系数分别为0.513、0.715、0.657;与工作满意度呈负相关关系,相关系数为-0.636。医生情绪耗竭、焦虑维度得分均高于护士,护士工作投入、工作满意度高于医生(P<0.05)。结论医院领导和相关部门应关注从事传染病防治工作的医护人员心理健康,采取措施缓解医护人员焦虑症状,减轻工作量,维护医护人员的心理健康。

Objective To investigate job burnout and mental health status of infectious disease healthcare workers during COVID-19,and to explore the influencing factors of job burnout and mental health.Methods Using random sampling method,214 medical staff engaged in infectious disease prevention and treatment in designated HOSPITALS for COVID-19 in Guangxi were selected as the research objects.Maslash Job Burnout Scale,Chinese Version uTRECHT-9 Job Engagement Scale(UWES-9),Health Questionnaire Depression Screening Scale(PHQ-9),Anxiety screening Scale(GD-7)and job satisfaction scale were used to investigate the subjects.Results The average score of job burnout was(13.50±5.823),among which doctors scored(15.64±7.080)and nurses scored(12.65±5.022).The score of job burnout of doctors was higher than that of nurses(t=-3.389,P<0.05).There was a positive correlation between job burnout and job involvement,depressive symptoms and anxiety,with correlation coefficients 0.513,0.715 and 0.657,respectively.Job satisfaction was negatively correlated with the correlation coefficient of-0.636.The scores of emotional exhaustion and anxiety of doctors were higher than those of nurses,and the job involvement and job satisfaction of nurses were higher than those of doctors(P<0.05).Conclusion Hospital leaders and relevant departments should pay attention to the mental health of medical staff engaged in infectious diseases,take measures to alleviate the symptoms of anxiety of medical staff,reduce workload,and maintain the mental health of medical staff.