新冠疫情期间徐州市急性下呼吸道感染儿童的病原学变化

Etiological changes of children with acute lower respiratory tract infection during the epidemic period of COVID-19 in Xuzhou

目的本研究通过分析MP、RSV、ADV、COX检出率,了解新冠疫情期间徐州市下呼吸道感染性疾病的病原学变化。方法回顾性分析2019-2020年在徐州医科大学附属医院儿科因下呼吸道感染住院的患儿3149例。采集外周静脉血2mL,被动凝集法检测肺炎支原体(MP)抗体,酶联免疫法检测呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、腺病毒(ADV)、柯萨奇病毒(COX)IgM抗体,按总检出率、性别、年龄、季节比较两年的病原学变化进行统计分析。结果3149例患儿呼吸道病原体总检出率在不同性别、不同年龄、不同季节有显著差异(P<0.05)。研究结果表明,女性检出率高于男性,1~4岁检出率最高,感染高发季节为冬季;新冠疫情期间,总检出率、MP总检出率、ADV总检出率、COX总检出率、混合检出率、男女孩检出率、部分年龄组检出率以及部分季节检出率均降低。结论儿童常见呼吸道病原体感染存在性别、年龄、季节差异性。新冠疫情期间,防控措施的实施可明显降低呼吸道病原体检出率。

Objective To investigate the etiological changes of lower respiratory tract infection in Xuzhou during the epidemic period of COVID-19 by detecting the defection rate of MP,RSV,ADV and COX.Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 3149 children with lower respiratory tract infection hospitalized in the Department of Pediatrics,Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from 2019 to 2020.2mL peripheral venous blood was collected to detect mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)antibody by passive agglutination method and respiratory syncytial virus(RSV),adenovirus(ADV)and coxsackie virus(COX)IgM antibody by indirect immunofluorescence method.The etiological changes of the two years were statistically analyzed according to the total detection rate,gender,age and season.Results The total detection rate of respiratory pathogens in 3149 children was significantly different in different genders,different ages and different seasons(P<0.05).The results of the study showed that the detection rate of female was higher than that of male,and the detection rate of 1-4 years old was the highest,and the highest detection season was winter.During the epidemic period of COVID-19,the total detection rate,the detection rate of MP,ADV and COX,the mixed detection rate,the detection rate of male and female,and the detection rate of individual age groups and individual seasons all decreased.Conclusion Common respiratory pathogen infections in children are different in gender,age,and season.During the epidemic period of COVID-19,the implementation of prevention and control measures can significantly reduce the detection rate of pathogens.