浙江玉环海岛地区职业司机OSAHS发病率及与交通事件的关联性

Incidence of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome in occupational drivers and its correlation with traffic incident in Yuhuan island,Zhejiang Province

目的探讨职业驾驶员阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的流行病调查及与交通事件的关联性分析。方法选取2018年6月至2020年6月玉环市某集团下属的长途客车公司、中短途客运公司、公交公司及出租车公司的驾驶员311例,取得研究对象的知情同意后,进行常规体检、嗜睡量表(ESS)评分问卷调查及多导睡眠图监测(PSG),调取该集团公司事故管理处及玉环市交通管理部门交通事故的信息。结果311名机动车驾驶员中可以诊断OSAHS有135例(43.41%),其中重度比例达25.19%;OSAHS危险因素的分析:体重指数、吸烟与非吸烟数量、饮酒与不饮酒,中重度OSAHS患者的比例增高(P均<0.05);发生交通事故的风险率比较,OSAHS组为非OSAHS组的2.03倍(P<0.05 OR=2.03,95%CI 1.32~2.89);发生交通事故的风险率比较,ESS≥9组为ESS<9组的1.56倍(P<0.05 OR=1.56,95%CI 1.47~2.76)。结论汽车驾驶员中OSAHS患病率较高;吸烟、饮酒及体重指数是驾驶员患OSAHS的危险因素;OSAHS是交通事件的重要危险因素。

Objective To study the epidemiological investigation of occupational drivers with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)and its correlation with traffic incident.Methods 311 occupational drivers were selected from the passenger transport company,bus company and taxi company of YUHUAN YUQI Group from June 2018 to June 2020.The drivers were arranged for a regular physical examination,sleepiness scale(ESS)score questionnaire and polysomnography(PSG)with informed consent,and obtained the traffic incident data from YUHUAN YUQI Group and Yuhuan Traffic Management Department.Results Among the 311 cases,135 cases(43.41%)could be diagnosed with OSAHS,and the proportion of severe OSAHS was 25.19%.The OSAHS risk factors included body mass index,smoking,and drinking,and the proportion of moderate and severe OSAHS patients was higher(all P<0.05).The risk rate of traffic incident in the OSAHS group was 2.03 times of that in the non-OSAHS group(P<0.05,OR=2.03,95%℃I 1.32~2.89).The risk rate of traffic incident in the ESS≥9 group was 1.56 times of that in the ESS<9 group(P<0.05,OR=1.56,95%CI 1.47~2.76).Conclusion OSAHS has a high prevalence among occupational drivers in Yuhuan island.Smoking,drinking and high body mass index are the risk factors for drivers of OSAHS,and OSAHS is an important risk factor for traffic incident.