特大城市立体形态模型的概括构建方法研究

Research on Simplified 3D Morphological Megacity Model Construction Method

城市立体模型概括构建是计算流体力学软件模拟风环境的前提,且基于构建的模型能直接辨识不同空间尺度的风道,有助于丰富风道规划的方法与理论。以广州市主城区为例,基于地形、建筑高度和建筑间距,分别以20 m的间距对绝对高度在20 m以内、20~40 m和40 m以上的单体建筑同时进行合并概括,并通过修正容积率高度来为合并斑块高度赋值。模型概括主要由合并、补洞和融合3个流程组成。与其他常见城市模型概括方法比较发现,该模型在简化概括建筑数量与尽量保留实际城市物理形态诉求之间得到了平衡,为城市尺度整体研究提供了参考。

The simplified urban 3D model construction is the premise for computational fluid dynamics software(CFD)to simulate wind envi-ronment.Meanwhile,the ability to directly identify wind corridor of different spatial scales based on the constructed model will help enrich the wind corridor planning methods and theories.In this article,taking Guangzhou main built-up area for example,based on topography,building height and building spacing,we aggregated single buildings with absolute height of less than 20 m,20~40 m and more than 40 m in the horizon-tal directions at distance of 20 m,and assigned the patch height by correcting the plot ratio height.The model simplification is mainly composed of merger,hole filling and fusion.Compared with other common urban model generalization methods,this model has achieved a balance be-tween simplifying the number of buildings and keeping the actual urban physical form as much as possible,which provides a reference for the overall urban scale research.