换挡拨叉的有限元分析及优化

Finite Element Analysis and Optimization of Shift Fork

换挡系统是变速箱的重要组成部分,而拨叉是换挡系统中的主要零部件之一,拨叉设计的优劣直接影响换挡系统的性能。通过有限元法对拨叉进行分析,提出了变形、应力和左右叉脚支反力误差等评价指标,并基于这些评价指标对拨叉进行优化设计。结果表明:优化后的拨叉应力为103 MPa,最大位移为0.29 mm,两边叉脚误差为4%,均满足评价指标的要求,设计合理。文中提到的分析方法和优化思路,对换挡拨叉的设计和有限元分析均有一定参考作用。

The shift system is an important part of the transmission,and the shift fork is one of the main parts of the shift system.The design of the shift fork directly affects the performance of the shift system.The fork was analyzed by finite element method,and evaluation criteria such as deformation,stress and reaction force deviation of left and right fork feet were put forward.Based on these evaluation criteria,several times of optimization design of the fork were carried out.The results show that the optimized fork stress is 103 MPa,the maximum displacement is 0.29 mm,and the error of fork feet on both sides is 4%,which meets the requirements of evaluation indexes and the design is reasonable.The analysis method and optimization idea mentioned can be used as a reference for the design and finite element analysis of the shift fork.