自噬相关因子在结直肠腺癌中的表达及其与临床病理参数间的关系

Level of autophagy-related factors in colorectal adenocarcinoma and its relationship with clinical pathological characteristics

目的探讨结直肠腺癌中自噬相关因子Unc-51样自噬激活激酶1(ULK1)、B细胞淋巴瘤2基因作用蛋白(Beclin1)、自噬标志物轻链3(LC3)的表达情况及其与临床病理参数的相关性。方法收集贵州医科大学附属医院病理科2020年1—12月资料完整的结直肠癌根治术标本共63例。采用免疫组化EnVision法检测肿瘤组织及相应癌旁组织中ULK1、Beclin1及LC3的蛋白表达情况,分析三者与患者年龄、性别、原发部位、神经侵犯、分化程度、淋巴结转移等临床病理资料的相关性。结果自噬相关蛋白ULK1、Beclin1、LC3主要表达于细胞质。与正常组织相比,肠腺癌组织中ULK1(71.43%vs.44.44%)、Beclin1(66.66%vs.47.61%)、LC3(55.55%vs.30.15%)蛋白表达水平均明显升高(均P<0.05)。ULK1与肿瘤分化程度相关(P<0.05),而Beclin1和LC3在肿瘤组织和正常组织之间差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。三者与患者的年龄、性别、原发部位、大体类型、神经侵犯均无相关性。此外,ULK1、LC3与淋巴结转移有相关性(均P<0.05),而Beclin1与淋巴结转移无相关性(P>0.05)。结论结直肠癌中自噬相关蛋白表达水平增高,ULK1与组织分化程度相关;部分蛋白表达水平与有无淋巴结转移相关,提示自噬在结直肠腺癌中的表达增高可能是癌组织致病、转移的机制之一。对肿瘤组织自噬途径的干预,可能会解决结直肠癌复发和转移的一些问题。

Objective To investigate the expression of autophagy-related factors Unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1(ULK1),B cell lymphoma-2-interacting protein(Beclin1)and autophagy marker light chain 3(LC3)in colorectal adenocarcinoma and their correlation with clinicopathological features.Methods A total of 63 cases with complete data of radical resection of colorectal cancer from January 2020 to December 2020 in the Department of Pathology of the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University were collected.Immunohistochemical EnVision method was used to detect the expression of autophagy-related factors ULK1,Beclin1 and LC3 in tumour tissues and corresponding precancerous tissues.The correlation between autophagy-related protein expression and clinicopathological data such as age,sex,primary location,nerve invasion,differentiation and lymph node metastasis were analysed.Results Autophagy related proteins ULK1,Beclin1 and LC3 were mainly expressed in cytoplasm.Compared with normal tissues,the protein expression levels of ulk1(71.43%vs.44.44%),Beclin1(66.66%vs.47.61%)and LC3(55.55%vs.30.15%)in intestinal adenocarcinoma were significantly higher(all P<0.05).ULK1 was correlated with tumor differentiation(P<0.05),while Beclin1 and LC3 showed no significant difference between tumor tissue and normal tissue(all P>0.05).There was no significant correlation with age,sex,primary site,gross type and nerve invasion.In addition,ULK1 and LC3 were correlated with lymph node metastasis(all P<0.05),while Beclin1 was not significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis(P>0.05).Conclusion The expression level of autophagy-related protein is increased in colorectal cancer,which is related to the degree of tissue differentiation.The expression level of some proteins was related to lymph node metastasis.The increased expression of autophagy in colorectal cancer may be one of the mechanisms of carcinogenesis and metastasis.Interventions targeting the autophagy pathway in tumour tissues may solve some problems of recurrence and metastasis of colorectal cancer.