浅析句法象似性和生成语法理论之间的兼容性

On Compatibility between Syntactic Iconicity and Generative Grammar Theory

一直以来,任意性和理据性这两个概念在语言学研究中,都占据了十分重要的位置。如果具体到句法层面,任意性主要体现在句法结构的自主性上,而理据性则主要体现在句法结构的象似性上。因此,在句法象似性的相关研究中,提倡句法自主性的生成语法理论自然成为了诸多学者所批判的对象,但生成语法和句法象似性之间并不是完全对立的,它们之间同样也存在一种兼容性。一方面,生成语法理论实际上并不仅仅只关注语法系统的自主性,另一方面,一些句法象似性现象的探讨也需要建立在一套自主的语法系统之上。

In the course of studying language,the comparison between the concept of arbitrariness and mo-tivation undoubtedly draws lots of attention.At the syntactic level,arbitrariness represents syntactic auton-omy,while motivation is mainly reflected in syntactic iconicity.Therefore,the generative grammar has al-ways been criticized by many functionalist linguists in the research of syntactic iconicity,due to its support of syntactic autonomy.However,generative grammar and syntactic iconicity are not completely opposed,in contrast,there exist some compatibility between them.On the one hand,syntactic autonomy is not the only focus of generative grammar theory.On the other hand,the studies of syntactic iconicity need to be built on an autonomous grammar system.