构建社会安全的空间基础:基于城市街区更新的空间生产分析

Building the Spatial Foundation of Social Security:An Analysis of Spatial Production Based on Urban Block Renewal

街区制的推行虽然有利于解决封闭小区引起的诸多空间失序问题,但也带来了空间安全困境、空间管理困境和社区认同困境,对城市社会安全构成了潜在的威胁。因此,如何构建社会安全的空间基础成为街区制能否持续有效推进的关键所在。观察上海市A街道街区制实践的案例,发现公共空间的空间布局直接影响到街区空间安全性;以党建机制实现国家权力介入的空间表象,借助政治吸纳,构建多元共治的街区治理结构,实现街区资源整合和治理联动,有利于锻造街区安全力;以自治项目的开发运作,促进街区社会关系的重构和公共性生产,助推街区生活共同体的构建,能够提升居民安全感。总的来说,街区制实践通过物理空间的重组、治理结构的重构和公共价值的重塑及其相互作用,共同构建了社会安全的空间基础,实现了街区发展与安全的统筹兼顾。

Although the practice of block system is conducive to addressing many spatial disorders caused by gated communities,it has also brought about the dilemma in space security,space management and community identity,hence a potential threat to urban social security.In view of such,how to build the spatial basis of social security has become the key to the sustainable and effective promotion of block system.This paper,based on an observation of the practice of block system in A Street(Shanghai),finds:1)the spatial layout of public space directly affects the spatial safety of the block;2)to realize the spatial representation of state power intervention with the Party building mechanism,and to construct the multi-governance structure assisted by political absorption,to realize the integration of block resources and the linkage of block governance,is conducive to forging the block safety force;3)the development and operation of self-governance projects promote the reconstruction of social relations and public production within the block,boost the construction of block community,thus enhancing the residents’sense of security.Generally speaking,the practice of block system has jointly constructed the spatial basis of social security through the reorganization of physical space,the reconstruction of governance structure,the reshaping of public value and their interaction,hence a balance between the block development and its security.