批判性建构:马克思主义民主观的逻辑证成

Critical Construction:Logical Proof of Marxist Democratic View

马克思主义以唯物史观为哲学基础,从国家社会关系、民主本质与民主模式三个维度,展开对西方民主思想的系统性批判。在国家与社会关系方面,马克思在批判前人理论特别是黑格尔伦理国家观的基础上,指出社会对国家的决定性作用。马克思主义认为:民主的本质是人民主权,但在阶级社会中,“民”的内涵是统治阶级,“主”的方式是统治阶级愚弄人民的游戏,只有实现无产阶级专政,才能实现真正的民主。民主不存在固定模式,民主是历史的、具体的、渐进的。

Based on historical materialism,Marxism systematically criticizes the Western democratic theory from the dimensions of national social relations,democratic essence and democratic model.In terms of the relationship between state and society,Marx pointed out the decisive role of society in the state on the basis of criticizing previous theories,especially Hegel’s ethical state view.Marxism emphasizes that the essence of democracy is popular sovereignty;but in class society,the connotation of“people”is the ruling class;the way of“lord”is the game of the ruling class fooling the people;only by realizing the dictatorship of proletariat can the real democracy be realized.In terms of democratic model,there is no fixed model of democracy.Democracy is historical,concrete and progressive.