新时期“双减”政策与农村义务教育发展:政策逻辑、现实影响与创新策略

“Double Reduction”Policy and Development of Rural Compulsory Education in the New Era:Policy Logic,Realistic Influence and Innovative Strategies

“双减”政策的实施,是国家为解决中小学生课业负担过重问题的重大举措。然而,与城市相比,“双减”政策在农村的实施有其特定场域。“双减”政策在农村实施的逻辑起点是乡村场域下教育的“功利化”倾向与剧场效应现象,在政策实施过程中不同利益相关者基于自我的利益关切产生不同态度,并形成复杂的博弈局面。因此,为了更好地实现“双减”政策的目标,我们需要着眼于各利益相关者主体,推进农村学校教育优质化,树立农村家长正确教育观,在农村社区教育中建立起大学生志愿者服务机制,同时加强对农村校外培训机构监管。此外,公共财政进入农村课后服务也应当坚持“补偿性正义”原则。

The implementation of the“double reduction”policy is a major policy measure to solve the prob⁃lem of excessive academic burden of primary and secondary school students.However,compared with cities,the implementation of the“double reduction”policy in rural areas will face specific fields.The logical starting point of the policy in rural areas is the utilitarianism and theatrical effect of compulsory education.In the im⁃plementation process,different stakeholders have different attitudes basing on their own interest concerns,and form a complex game situation.Therefore,in order to better achieve the goal of the“double reduction”policy,it is necessary to focus on the stakeholders,promoting the quality of rural school education,establishing a cor⁃rect educational view of rural parents,setting up a volunteer service mechanism for college students in rural community education,and strengthening the supervision of shadow education.In addition,after-school servic⁃es provided by public finance should also adhere to the principle of“compensatory justice”.