民法法典化:历史回溯、基础要件及经验启示

The Civil Code's Centennial Codification:Historical Retrospest,Basic Elements and Experience Enlightenment

民法的法典化立法技术面对诸多挑战,具有特殊性,其成功至少需要满足政治支持、市场经济体制和具有较高的民法学水平三个要件。自建党以来,我国立法机关先后开展了五次民法典编纂工作,前四次均因政治、经济、社会等原因而搁浅。本次《民法典》编纂在九个民事单行法的基础上,参酌国际先进,完善交易规则;结合国情实际,凸显中国特色;回应时代问题,彰显时代精神,取得了一系列重要成就。《民法典》的成功编纂取决于党的领导、民法学的智力资源和立法实践积累、社会各界广泛参与以及域外立法经验借鉴。《民法典》的科学解释和正确实施必将助力党迈向第二个百年奋斗目标新征程。

The codification of civil law faces many challenges in terms of legislative technique and is special in nature,and its success requires at least three conditions:political support,a market economy,and a higher level of civil jurisprudence.Since the founding of the Communist Party of China,the legislature has carried out five Civil Code codification exercises,the first four were put on hold for political,economic and social reasons.This time,on the basis of nine specific civil laws,the Civil Code has made a series of important achievements,drawing on international advanced experiences to improve the rules of transaction,combining national practices to highlight Chinese characteristics,and responding to the issues of the times to manifest the spirit of the times.The successful codification of the Civil Code depends on the leadership of the Communist Party of China,the intellectual resources of civil jurisprudence and the accumulation of legislative practice,the extensive participation of all sectors of society and the advanced experience of overseas legislation.The scientific legal interpretation and correct implementation of the Civil Code will certainly help the Communist Party of China to march towards the new journey of the second century goal.