美军空中无人作战概念解析

Analysis of the combat concept of unmanned aerial system of the US armed forces

近年美军着力发展强对抗环境下的作战体系,瞄准突破强大国际竞争对手反介入/区域拒止(A2/AD)体系等重要的作战场景,开展了一系列面向未来战争的空中无人作战概念探索和型号技术发展实践。详细阐述了“分布式空中作战”、“忠诚僚机”、“无人机蜂群作战”等美军空中无人作战概念的提出背景及内涵,归纳梳理了各概念下典型研究项目进展情况,最后分析总结了美军空中无人作战概念的特点。

In recent years,the US military has focused on developing the combat system under the strong confrontational environment,aiming at breaking through the important combat scenarios such as the anti-access/area denial(A2/AD)system of strong international competitors,and carried out a series of concept exploration and model technology development practices of unmanned aerial operations for future wars.The background and connotation of the concepts of“distributed air operation”,“loyal wingman”and“UAV swarm operation”are elaborated.The progress of typical research projects under each concept is summarized,and finally the character⁃istics of the combat concept of unmanned aerial system in the US armed forces are analyzed.