基于硅基回热器的微型脉管制冷机的数值模拟

Numerical Simulation of Micro Pulse Tube Refrigerator with Silicon-Based Regenerator

随着电子器件热流密度的不断增加,开发和使用结构紧凑且高效的微型制冷器件已非常迫切。使用Fluent 19.0软件对基于硅基回热器的微型脉管制冷机在不同回热器空隙率、冷热端温度和相位条件下的制冷性能进行了数值计算。结果表明:硅基回热器的空隙率对制冷性能有重要影响;在固定几何参数下,存在一个最佳空隙率使得制冷机的COP最大。当工作频率为500 Hz,充气压力0.2 MPa,空隙率为0.87时,微型脉管制冷机能够在293 K提供3.844 W的制冷量,COP为1.007,相对卡诺效率为3.44%。随着冷端温度上升,制冷机的制冷量增加,但相对卡诺效率随之降低。本研究可为微型化制冷机的设计和开发提供一定指导。

Compact and efficient micro refrigeration systems are promising candidate for cooling electronic devices with the increasing heat flux.In this paper,the refrigeration performance of a micro pulse tube refrigerator using siliconbased regenerator was simulated with Fluent 19.0 software.The influence of porosity,cold-end temperature and phase angle were studied.The results show that the porosity of silicon-based regenerator has an important effect on the refrigeration performance.There is an optimal porosity of regenerator to get the highest COP of refrigerator when the geometric parameters are fixed.The micro pulse tube refrigerator can get a cooling power of 3.844 W at 293 K when the operating frequency is 500 Hz,the porosity is 0.87,the calculated COP is 1.007 and the relative Carnot efficiency is 3.44%.The cooling power of the refrigerator increases with the cold-end temperature,but the relative Carnot efficiency decreases with the increase of cold-end temperature.This study provides theoretical guidance for the design and development of the miniaturized refrigerator.