个性化护理应用在老年脑卒患者中对其吞咽功能的影响

Effect of Individualized Nursing on Swallowing Function After Stroke in the Elderly

目的 探讨老年脑卒中吞咽障碍患者通过个性化护理所取得的效果。方法 选择2018年6月至2020年3月于我院进行治疗的72例老年脑卒中吞咽功能障碍病例,按照随机数表分组原理将选取研究对象分为对照组和观察组,每组36例。观察组和对照组患者分别配合个性化护理和常规护理,对比脑卒中吞咽障碍患者在不同护理方法下取得的效果。结果 护理后的康复有效率对比,对照组为72.22%,低于观察组的91.67%,数据差异统计学意义显著(P<0.05);两组患者康复期间并发症发生率比较,观察组要低于对照组,差异符合统计学意义(P<0.05);护理后,观察组患者的焦虑、抑郁、睡眠质量改善效果优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者在护理前的吞咽功能分级和神经功能方面差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),护理后3个月,观察组的吞咽功能分级明显比对照组低,神经功能缺损状况明显比对照组更轻,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理后,观察组患者的生活质量改善情况比对照组更好,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 老年脑卒中吞咽障碍患者接受个性化护理后对其康复效果具有明显的改善作用,有效减少并发症的产生,加快机体康复,同时还能够调节患者负面情绪,提高睡眠质量,有助于患者吞咽能力与神经功能恢复,全面提升患者生活质量,具有推广应用的价值。

Objective To study the efiects of personalized nursing in elderly patients with stroke and swallowing disorders. Methods A total of 72cases of elderly stroke patients with swallowing dysfunction treated in our hospital from June 2018 to March 2020 were selected. According to the principle of random number table grouping, the selected subjects were divided into control group and observation group, 36 cases in each gruop. The patients in the observation group and the control group were matched with personalized nursing and routine nursing respectively to compare the efiects of difierent nursing methods in patients with dysphagia after stroke. Results The efiective rate of rehabilitation after nursing was 72.22% in the control group, which was lower than 91.67% in the observation group(P<0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, and the difierence was statistically significant(P<0.05). After nursing, the efiect of improving anxiety, depression and sleep quality of the observation group was better than that of the control group, and the difierence was statistically significant(P<0.05). Before nursing, the swallowing function classification and quality of life of the two groups of patients, there was no significant difierence in all aspects(P>0.05). Three months after nursing, the swallowing function grade of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group, and the neurological deficit was significantly lighter than that of the control group, and the difierence was significant(P<0.05). After nursing, the quality of life of patients in the observation group improved better than that of the control group, and the difierence was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion After receiving personalized care, elderly stroke patients with dysphagia can significantly improve their rehabilitation efiect, efiectively reduce the occurrence of complications, speed up the body rehabilitation, regulate patients’ negative emotions, improve sleep quality, contribute to the recovery of patients’ swallowing ability and mental function, and comprehensively improve the quality of life of patients. It has the value of popularization and application.