新烟碱类杀虫剂对人类及哺乳动物的生殖毒性作用

Reproductive toxicity of neonicotinoids on humans and mammals

新烟碱类杀虫剂(neonicotinoids,NEOs)作为一种广谱杀虫剂,因其对哺乳动物毒性较低,广泛应用于农业、园林绿化和家庭宠物中的昆虫防治。但由于NEOs水溶性较高,不容易发生水解,因此容易在土壤、水体、农作物中残留,并通过饮水、饮食、皮肤接触等途径进入人体,从而导致人群的广泛暴露。多项研究发现,NEOs暴露可导致遗传毒性、神经毒性、免疫毒性和生殖毒性等。本文主要对NEOs对人类及哺乳动物的生殖毒性作用及其可能机制进行综述。

Neonicotinoids(NEOs),as a broad-spectrum insecticide,are widely used for insect control in agriculture,landscaping,and on household pets because of their low toxicity to humans and mammals.However,because of its high water solubility and not prone to hydrolyze,NEOs can accumulate in soil,water and crops,and can pass into our body through many routes,such as drinking water,diet,and skin contact,resulting in widespread exposure of the population.Numerous studies have shown that NEOs exposure can lead to genotoxicity,neurotoxicity,immunotoxicity and reproductive toxicity.This article reviews the reproductive toxicity of NEOs on humans and mammals and its possible mechanisms.