数字技术采纳、社会网络拓展与农户共同富裕

Digital Technology Adoption,Social Network Expansion and Farmers Common Prosperity

数字技术不仅是农户生产生活的重要工具,而且是推进农户共同富裕的重要途径。现有研究对共同富裕的测度多从宏观视角出发,测度区域和国家的总体共同富裕水平,鲜有研究从微观层面探究增进农户共同富裕的问题。文章基于2019年中国社会状况综合调查(CSS2019)数据,对7031份农户样本的共同富裕水平进行刻画,运用Oprobit模型和中介效应模型实证检验数字技术采纳对农户共同富裕的影响及作用机制。研究发现:数字技术采纳显著提升了农户共同富裕水平,在更换变量、采取工具变量法估计与PSM匹配等检验后,结论仍然稳健。机制分析发现,数字技术采纳通过拓展社会网络促进农户共同富裕,其中,社会网络规模和社会网络强度是其主要传导机制。异质性分析发现,数字技术采纳对低收入组农户的共同富裕促进效应强于高收入组,有助于缓解农村内部贫富差距,发挥着促进“增富”及“共享”的分配效应;采用数字技术进行浏览信息、休闲娱乐、商务工作和投资理财对农户共同富裕发挥显著的促进作用,其中采用数字技术进行商务工作,对农户共同富裕水平的提升效应最大。可见,应以实施乡村建设行动为契机,完善农村数字硬件设施和软件基础,提升农户数字技术采纳能力,共享数字化发展红利,实现共同富裕。

Digital technology is not only an important tool for farmers’production and life,but also an important way to promote farmers common prosperity.Most of the existing researches measure the common prosperity from a macro perspective,measuring the overall level of common prosperity of regions and countries.Few researches have explored the issue of enhancing the common prosperity of farmers from the micro level.This paper used 7031 peasant household samples collected from China Social Survey(CSS2019),we depicted the common prosperity level,and Oprobit model and mediation effect model was used to measure the effect and mechanism of digital technology adoption on farmers common prosperity.The results show that the adoption of digital technology has significantly improved the common prosperity of farmers.After changing the sum of variables and matching the tool variable estimation with PSM,the conclusion is still robust.The mechanism verified found that the adoption of digital technology promotes the common prosperity of farmers by expanding social networks.Among the mechanism,social network scale and social network strength play the key role in it.Further analysis of heterogeneity found that the adoption of digital technology had a stronger effect on the common prosperity of low-income group farmers than that of high-income group,which helps to ease the gap between the rich and the poor in the countryside and plays a role in promoting the“Enriching”and“Sharing”distribution effect.Using the digital technology to browse information,entertain themselves,business work and investment can significantly promote the common prosperity of farmers.Among them,using digital technology for business work has the greatest effect on improving the common prosperity of farmers.Therefore,we should take the implementation of rural construction as an opportunity to improve the rural Internet hardware facilities and software foundation,enhance farmers’adoption ability of digital technology,share the dividend of digital technology and realize common prosperity.