易腐垃圾处理技术及其效果研究进展

Research progress on disposal technology and effects of perishable waste

随着易腐垃圾数量的日益增加,其对环境的影响也越来越大。易腐垃圾虽然具有严重的污染特性,但也存在资源化利用的潜力,通过不同的技术对易腐垃圾进行处理,可以减小其所造成的危害,实现对易腐垃圾的资源化利用。本文综述了易腐垃圾传统处理技术(填埋、焚烧、粉碎直排)、生物资源化利用技术(饲料化处理、厌氧发酵、好氧堆肥等)以及目前一些新型处理技术,对这些技术的处理效果、缺陷进行归纳,阐述了技术应用状况,同时分析了垃圾分类对易腐垃圾处理的影响,以期为易腐垃圾处理技术的优化和资源化利用的发展方向提供理论参考。

With the increasing amount of perishable waste, its impact on the environment is increasing. Studies have shown that despite its pollution characteristics, perishable waste has the potential to be reused as a resource after disposal by various technologies through which the toxicity of perishable waste can be minimized. This review summarizes the treatment effects, disadvantages, and applications of traditional perishable waste disposal technologies(landfilling, incineration, and smashing), biological resource utilization approaches(feed treatment, anaerobic fermentation, aerobic composting, etc.), and some new disposal technologies. The impact of waste classification on perishable waste disposal is also discussed. This review may provide theoretical references for the development of perishable waste deposal and resource utilization technologies and promote the further development of perishable waste disposal technology in China.