传统建筑大木作营造技艺中构件榫卯的空间定位方法与意义——以泉州溪底派为例

Spatial Positioning Method and Significance of Component Tenon and Mortise in the Construction Technology of Traditional Architectural Structure Woodwork:Taking Quanzhou Xidi Craftsman School as an Example

一栋传统木构建筑有大量形制、功能各异的构件,皆由榫卯作为结构方式组织而成。其中匠师对构件的受力主次关系以及榫卯组织方式的分析是以空间定位作为基础展开的。文章通过对泉州溪底派营造现场的实地调研,总结了当地大木作匠师的构件榫卯空间定位系统并探究了其对营造的关键作用。

A traditional wooden building consists of a large number of components with different shapes and functions,all of which are organized by mortise and tenon as a structural way.The craftsman’s analysis of the stress primary and secondary relationship of components and the organization mode of mortise and tenon is based on spatial positioning.Based on the field investigation of the construction site of Xidi Craftsman School in Quanzhou,this paper summarizes the component tenon and mortise spatial positioning system of local big carpenters,and explores its key role in construction.