器官捐献者家属社会支持现状及影响因素

Study on social support status and influencing factors of family members of organ donors

目的对器官捐献者家属的社会支持现状进行横断面调查,分析其影响因素并提出对策建议。方法调查问卷由一般人口学资料、肖水源编制的《社会支持评定量表》和《简易应对方式问卷》三部分组成,委托器官捐献协调员现场发放调查问卷112份,回收有效问卷102份,回收有效率为91%。采用logistic回归分析器官捐献者家属社会支持影响因素。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果49例被调查对象为积极应对,53例为消极应对。《社会支持评定量表》平均得分为(36.4±6.9)分,客观支持为(22.6±4.3)分,主观支持为(7.1±2.6)分,社会支持利用度为(6.7±2.1)分。大多数家属(74例,72.5%)缺乏社会支持,仅有少部分家属得到充分的社会支持(28例,27.5%)。与采用消极应对方式的捐献者家属相比,具有积极应对方式的家属是社会支持的保护因素(OR=0.323,95%CI 0.129~0.810)。结论器官捐献者家属社会支持总体水平不高,应对方式对器官捐献者家属社会支持水平有影响,具有积极应对方式的家属获得了更多的社会支持。

Objective To make a cross-sectional survey on the current situation of social support of family members of organ donors,and analyze its influencing factors and put forward countermeasures and suggestions.Methods The questionnaire was composed of general demographic data,social support assessment scale prepared by Xiao Shuiyuan and simple coping style questionnaire.The organ donation coordinator was entrusted to distribute 112 questionnaires on site,and 102 valid questionnaires were recovered,with an effective rate of 91%.Results Forty-nine respondents had positive coping styles and 53 had negative coping styles.The overall average score of social support was(36.4±6.9),the average score of objective support was(22.6±4.3),the average score of subjective support was(7.1±2.6),and the average score of utilization of support was(6.7±2.1).Most family members(74 cases,72.5%)lacked social support,and only a smaller portion of families received sufficient social support(28 cases,27.5%).Family members of organ donors having positive coping styles was the protective factor of social support compared with family members of organ donors having negative coping styles(OR=0.323,95%CI 0.129~0.810).Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of family social support of organ donors.A P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Conclusions The overall level of social support of family members of organ donors is not high.Coping styles have an impact on the social support level of family members of organ donors,and family members with positive coping styles were likely to receive more social support.