慢性心力衰竭患者知信行理论现状的调查分析

Investigation and analysis of the knowledge-attitude-behavior theory current situation on patients with heart failure

目的:了解慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者知-信-行理论的现况及影响,为今后其临床健康教育提供参考。方法:采用自行设计心力衰竭相关知识问卷,一般自我效能感量表(GSES)及心力衰竭自我护理行为量表(EHFScBS)对2020年2至10月,收治的90例心力衰竭患者进行调查,将调查结果进行频度描述及相关分析。结果:90例CHF患者认知得分(9.97±3.63)分,认知的及格率仅为46.7%,自我效能得分(30.37±5.63)分,自我行为(35.76±9.82)分。心力衰竭患者相关认知、自我效能、行为呈相关性(r值分别为-0.68,0.53,-0.35, P <0.01)。认知得分及格组的生命质量优于不及格组。结论:慢性心力衰竭患者认知及得分普遍较低,但防治态度较好,而自我护理行为欠佳。认知和行为正确率有待提高,应针对慢性心力衰竭患者薄弱环节加强健康指导,提高患者生命质量。

Objective: To understand the status and influence of knowledge-belief-action theory in patients with chronic heart failure(CHF), and to provide reference for clinical health education in the future.Methods: 90 patients with heart failure admitted from February to October 2020 were investigated by selfdesigned knowledge questionnaire, General self-efficacy Scale(GSES) and heart failure Self-care Behavior Scale(EHFScBS), and the results were described by frequency and analyzed correlation. Results: The cognitive score of 90 CHF patients was(9.97±3.63), the cognitive pass rate was only 46.67%, the self-efficacy score was(30.37±5.63), and the self-behavior was(35.76±9.82). There was positive correlation between cognition, self-efficacy and behavior in patients with heart failure(r =-0.68, 0. 53,-0.35, P < 0. 01). The quality of life in the passing group was better than that in the failing group. Conclusions: Patients with chronic heart failure generally have low cognition and score, but good attitude towards prevention and treatment, and poor self-care behavior. The cognitive and behavioral accuracy should be improved, and health guidance should be strengthened to improve the quality of life of patients with chronic heart failure.