独龙族农村成年居民外出务工与留守在家人群艾滋病高危行为差异性分析

Analysis on the difference in AIDS high risk behaviors between migranting workers and those left at home among rural adults with Derung minority

目的了解独龙族农村成年居民外出务工与留守在家人群艾滋病高危行为差异,为制订少数民族艾滋病干预策略提供依据。方法采用系统抽样方法对2016年(10~12)月独龙江乡6个行政村成年居民进行横断面调查,通过一对一入户调查并进行HIV抗体检测,收集相关信息。采用SPSS 17.0进行统计学分析。结果本调查共400人,有效问卷394份。其中留守在家342人,外出务工52人。2名HIV感染者均在外出务工人群中发现,且均为女性。艾滋病知识知晓率分别为63.5%、70.8%;婚前性行为发生率分别为54.3%、87.8%;最近一年多性伴行为发生率分别为60.9%、11.9%;最近一年临时性行为发生率分别为13.0%、4.7%;最近一年商业性行为发生率分别为8.7%、0.9%;最近一次性行为安全套使用率分别为19.0%、6.3%;接受免费安全套发放干预服务分别为23.1%、11.1%。结论独龙族农村居民外出务工人群中存在一定比例感染者,相对留守在家人群,有较高的高危性行为发生率,且安全套使用率低,干预服务可及行低,艾滋病知识知晓率不高等问题。应加强独龙族外出务工人群艾滋病、生殖健康、安全性行为等相关知识,加大监测检测力度,关注留守妇女健康,提高免费安全套发放等干预服务可及性。

Objective To understand the differences in AIDS high-risk behaviors between migrating workers and those left at home among rural adults of Derung minority, and to provide relevant messages for the development of AIDS intervention strategy in this minority group. Methods A systematic sampling method was used to conduct a cross-sectional survey in 6 administration villages of Derung township among the adult residents during October to December 2016.Relevant information was collected through door-to-door visit and HIV antibody was tested,then SPSS17.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results There were 400 people in this survey with 394 valid respondents. Among them, 342 left at home and 52 migrating workers.Two HIV infected person were all found in migrating workers and were all women. The rate of awareness on HIV/AIDS knowledge: 63.5% as migrating workers compare with 70.8% as those left at home;Incidence of premarital sex: 54.3% compare with 87.8%;In the past year, the incidence of sexual partner behavior : 60.9% compare with 11.9%;The rate of temporary behaviors in the last year : 13.0% compare with 4.7%;The rate of commercial sex in the last year : 8.7% compare with 0.9%;the rate of condom use when engaging in last casual sex: 19.0% compare with 6.3%;the rate of accepted free condom distribution in last year: 23.1% compare with 11.1%. Conclusion Few numbers of HIV infections were identified among the migrating workers with Derung minority. Compared with the person left at home, some problems among migrating workers, such as higher rate of high-risk sexual behaviors, lower condom using rate, lower accessibility of intervention services and lower rate of awareness on HIV/AIDS knowledge. Relevant knowledge about AIDS, reproductive health and safer sex should be strengthened among Derung migranting workers, monitoring and testing efforts should be expanded, the health of left-behind women should be paid attention, and free condom distribution and other intervention services should be improved.