反思“后真相”及真相追求的路径

Reflection on“Post-Truth”and the Approaches to Pursue Truth

本研究突破对"后真相"的批判性解读思路,提出采用建设性解读这一新的解读方式重新审视"后真相"现象,探究"后真相"如何驱动对何为真相及如何更好地追求真相的有益反思。首先,真相有多种认知方式和践行路径,"后真相"反对的不是"真相"概念本身,而是推崇"客观事实"的符合论真理观及其以"客观反映"来把握真相的方式。"后真相"语境下的真相认知体现了后现代主义的哲学逻辑,强调真相的建构性和社会分享的属性。其次,"后真相"并非"有百害而无一利",其为重新认识真相的复杂性提供机遇,并助推人们重视真相的"接收领域"。最后,在所谓的"后真相时代",追求真相不能完全依赖专家系统,而要积极发挥公众在真相建构中的作用,以"透明开放"而非"客观公正"增进公众对真相叙事的信任。

This study breaks through the critical interpretation of“post-truth”and proposes a new approach—constructive interpretation approach—to explore how“post-truth”drives beneficial reflection on what is truth and how to better pursue truth.First,there are a variety of ways of understanding and approaching to truth.“Post-truth”does not oppose the concept of“truth”itself,but correspondence theory of truth that advocates the“objective truth”and the way of using“objective reflection”to grasp truth.The understanding of truth in the context of“post-truth”embodies the philosophical logic of postmodernism,emphasizing the constructive nature of truth and the social sharing of truth.Second,“post-truth”is not“good for nothing”.It provides opportunities to re-understand the complexity of truth,and encourages people to pay attention to the“receptive field”of truth.Third,in the so-called“post-truth era”,the pursuit of truth cannot rely entirely on expert systems.The public should play an active role in the construction of the truth.“Transparency and openness”rather than“objectivity and justice”should be used to enhance public trust in the narrative of truth.