石化行业碳中和技术路径探索

Exploration of carbon neutral technology path in petrochemical industry

2019年,中国石油和天然气消费所排放的CO_(2)为21.1亿吨,占全国总排放量的21%。在我国2060年碳中和目标下,石化行业亟需碳中和技术创新。本文介绍了国内外石化行业碳中和政策措施,从碳减排、碳零排和碳负排三方面分析了石化行业碳中和技术路径。碳减排方面包括石油/天然气绿色开发、过程低碳利用、减污降碳协同技术;碳零排方面包括可再生能源与核能发电、绿氢以及零碳原料/燃料替代,如生物质制汽柴油、芳烃等大宗能源化学品技术;碳负排方面包括生物能源与碳捕获和存储(BECCS)及CO_(2)转化燃料化学品技术。此外,还介绍了石化行业碳中和信息技术,包括人工智能、大数据和物联网三方面。本文将为我国石化行业碳中和路径探索提供技术参考。

In 2019,CO_(2) emissions of China were 2.11 billion tons,accounting for 21%of the total emissions.Under the goal of China’s 2060 carbon neutral goal,petrochemical industry needs technology innovation.This article discussed the petrochemical industry carbon neutral policies and measures at home and abroad and analyzed the petrochemical industry’s carbon neutral technology path from three aspects:carbon-reduction emission,carbon-zero emission and carbon-negative emission.Carbon-reduction emission technology includes green oil/gas development,process low-carbon utilization,and coordinated technologies for pollution and carbon reduction.Carbon-zero emission technology includes renewable energy and nuclear power generation,green hydrogen,and zero-carbon materials/fuel substitution such as biomass to gasoline and diesel,aromatics and other bulk energy chemical technologies.Carbon-negative emission technology includes bioenergy with carbon capture and storage(BECCS)and the technology of CO_(2) conversion to fuel chemicals.Besides,some carbon neutral information technologies such as artificial intelligence,big data and internet of things were introduced.This article would provide technical references of carbon neutral path for petrochemical industry.