拜登政府的南海政策:地区影响及其限度

The Biden Administration’s South China Sea Policy:Regional Security Implications and Limits

拜登政府执政以来,致力于以多边策略建构针对中国的地区安全优势,南海是其主要着力方向。美通过强化在南海的军事活动,邀约域外国家介入南海地区安全事务,拉拢菲、越、印尼等国,推动国际媒体塑造南海问题国际话语,试图营造其对南海地区安全的主导权。然而,由于美国等域外国家主导南海地区安全在合法性上存在天然缺陷、南海地区安全结构的转型以及东盟主要国家对卷入大国安全对抗的高度警惕,拜登政府南海政策的实际效果相对有限。

Since taking office, the Biden administration has been committed to building regional security advantages vis-a-vis China through multilateral strategies, with the South China Sea as its central focus. By strengthening military activities in the South China Sea, inviting extraterritorial forces to intervene in regional security affairs, wooing countries such as the Philippines, Vietnam and Indonesia, and encouraging international media to shape a new global discourse on the South China Sea issue, the US has attempted to maintain its dominant power over security in the South China Sea. However, the legitimacy is naturally defective for the US and other non-regional countries to dominate the security of the South China Sea. Moreover, the regional security structure has undergone profound transformation, and major ASEAN countries are vigilant about being involved in major-power security confrontation. These factors have substantially limited the actual effect of the Biden administration’s South China Sea policy.