摘要
美国海岸警卫队通过随船观察员项目与全球60多个国家开展了海上执法合作。作为美国追求其自身海洋利益的重要工具,“随船观察员协议”使沿岸国向美国让渡其领海和专属经济区的部分管辖权,成为美国开展全球综合性海上执法合作的法律基础。然而该协议并未充分尊重沿岸国的主权平等,也并不适用于存在海洋权利主张重叠的争议海域。美国既非《联合国海洋法公约》的缔约国,也非南海沿岸国,若与菲律宾、越南等南海争议当事国通过签署“随船观察员协议”的方式开展联合海上执法活动,将成为南海地区和平与稳定的重大挑战。
Through the Shiprider Program, the US Coast Guard has engaged in maritime law enforcement cooperation with more than 60 countries worldwide. As an essential instrument for the US to pursue its maritime interests, the Shiprider Agreement allows coastal states to partially transfer to the US their jurisdiction over territorial waters and exclusive economic zones, making it an important legal basis for the US to conduct comprehensive maritime law enforcement cooperation around the world. However, the agreement does not fully respect the sovereign equality of coastal states and should not be applied to disputed waters where maritime claims overlap. The US is neither a party to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea nor a coastal state in the South China Sea. If the US conducts joint maritime law enforcement operations with the Philippines, Vietnam and other parties in the South China Sea disputes through the Shiprider Agreement, it will pose a major challenge to regional peace and stability.
出处
《国际问题研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第2期132-152,158,共22页
International Studies
基金
国家社会科学基金西部项目“南海海洋治理的中国方案研究”(批准号:21XGJ009)的阶段性研究成果。
