基于儿童研究的理想学校

The Ideal School as Based on Child Study

本文是美国著名心理学家、教育家斯坦利·霍尔于1901年在《论坛》杂志上发表的一篇重要的教育文献。霍尔在对儿童发展阶段的研究基础上,提出建立一所基于儿童本能和需求的理想学校的构想,对幼儿园时期、过渡时期、少年期、青春期四个阶段的生理特征、本能需求、教育方式等方面展开了详细的论述,并认为这种理想学校的构建将有效推动所有人类制度向最高阶段发展,使得人类种族进化至更为成熟的超人阶段。

This article is an important educational literature by prestigious American psychologist and educator Stanley Hall and was published in Forum in 1901. Based on the study of children’s development stages, Hall put forward the idea of an ideal school based on children’s instinct and needs and discussed in detail the physiological characteristics, instinctive needs and educational methods of the four stages of children: kindergarten, transitional period, childhood and adolescence, believing that the construction of this ideal school could effectively promote the development of all human systems to the highest level and make the human race evolve to a more mature stage: superhuman stage.