论大学教学与科研的异同与协同

On the Similarities,Differences and Collaboration Between University Teaching and Scientific Research

教学与科研是高校教师必须承担的核心任务,二者具有一定的共性,在服务于人才培养方面具有相通性,在学科知识载体上具有重叠性,在“研究”的属性方面具有交叉性,在传播和交流层面具有共通性,在服务社会方面具有统一性,在教师个人发展和成就感的获得方面均具有推动性,二者融合、交叉地带是鲜明的。然而二者的差异又是客观存在的,教学涉及对象多为熟知,而科研对象则是未知,区别显著;科研需要学人的好奇心和探究欲,而教学则需要责任心与爱心;在成果统计形态上,教学隐性、模糊,科研则显性、确切。这种差异成为高校教师普遍重科研、轻教学的逻辑前提,教学科研协同发展的困境由此产生。为妥善和有效解决当前大学教学与科研难以协同发展的困境,可参考以下六种路径:在教学中涵育科研,配置“青年教师成长基金”,成立教师“教研发展共同体”,积极地、持续地推进“科教融合”,彰显“教学学术”的研究性,大力推进高校“创新型教学”。

Teaching and scientific research are the core tasks that university teachers must face,and they have certain commonalities.It has commonality in serving talent cultivation,overlap in subject knowledge carrier,intersection in the attribute of“research”,commonality in dissemination and communication,unity in serving the society,and impetus in teachers’personal development and the acquisition of sense of achievement.The integration and intersection of the two are distinct.However,the differences between the two are objective:most of the objects involved in teaching are familiar,while the scientific research are unknown,with significant differences;scientific research needs scholars’curiosity and desire?to explore,while teaching needs responsibility and love;in the statistical form of results,teaching is implicit and vague,while scientific research is explicit and precise.This difference has become the logical premise that university teachers generally emphasize scientific research and neglect teaching,thus resulting in the dilemma of collaborative development of teaching and research.In order to solve the difficulty of coordinated development of university teaching and scientific research properly and effectively,we can refer to the following six ways:cultivating scientific research in teaching;allocating“Young Teacher Development Fund”;establishing teachers’“Teaching and Research Development Community”;actively and continuously promoting“The Integration of Science and Technology”;highlighting the research nature of“The Scholarship of Teaching”;vigorously promoting“Innovative Teaching”in colleges and universities.