不同肥型对猴樟扦插苗生长及叶片得油率的影响

Effects of different fertilizer types on growth and oil yield of Cinnamomum bodinieri cuttings

猴樟(Cinnamomum bodinieri)是重要的园林绿化、用材、油用树种,具有重要的经济价值。氮、磷、钾等营养元素在植物生长和发育过程中发挥重要作用,为猴樟施肥提供技术支撑,本文以1年生猴樟扦插苗为研究材料,研究尿素、复合肥、有机肥及其混合配比对猴樟扦插苗生长和叶片得油率的影响。结果表明:施用尿素、复合肥、有机肥均能显著促进猴樟扦插苗株高生长,其中施用25 g·株^(-1)复合肥对猴樟扦插苗株高效果最好;尿素和复合肥混合施用对株高促进效果不明显,有机肥和复合肥混合施用会抑制株高的增长。单独施用尿素、复合肥、有机肥均促进猴樟扦插苗地径增长,不同浓度间差异不显著;尿素和复合肥、有机肥和复合肥之间存在拮抗作用,抑制地径的增长,而有机肥和尿素之间存在协同作用,促进地径的增长。相比较,单独施用复合肥对猴樟扦插苗地径促进作用效果最好。单独施用尿素和复合肥对猴樟扦插苗叶片得油率有显著促进作用,单独施用有机肥对猴樟扦插苗叶片得油率影响不明显,而有机肥和复合肥混合施用能够显著促进叶片精油含量,25 g·株^(-1)复合肥和250 g·株^(-1)有机肥混合施肥叶片得油率达到0.70%。因此,猴樟扦插苗生长最适肥料是复合肥,施肥量25 g·株^(-1),有机肥和复合肥混合施用能提高叶片精油含量。

Cinnamomum bodinieri is an important tree species for landscaping timber and oil,while has important economic value.Nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and other nutrients play an important role in plant growth and development.The effects of urea,compound fertilizer,organic fertilizer and their mixture ratio on the growth and oil yield of C.bodinieri ct.citral cuttings were studied,aiming to provide technical support for fertilization of C.bodinieri ct.citral.The results showed that the application of urea,compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer could significantly promote the plant height of citral C.bodinieri ct.citral cuttings,and the application of 25 g per plant compound fertilizer had the best effect on the plant height of cuttings.The mixed application of urea and compound fertilizer had no obvious promotion effect on plant height,and the mixed application of organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer inhibited the growth of plant height.Single application of urea,compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer promoted the growth of ground diameter of C.bodinieri ct.citral cuttings,but there was no significant difference between different concentrations.There was antagonism between urea and compound fertilizer,organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer,which inhibited the growth of ground diameter.There was synergy between organic fertilizer and urea,which promotes the growth of ground diameter.In comparison,the application of compound fertilizer alone has the best promotion effect on ground diameter of C.bodinieri ct.citral cuttings.The application of urea and compound fertilizer alone could significantly promote the oil yield of leaves of C.bodinieri ct.citral cuttings,while the application of organic fertilizer alone had no obvious effect on the oil yield of leaves.The mixed application of organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer could also significantly promote the oil yield of leaves,and the oil yield of leaves reached 0.70%with 25 g per plant compound fertilizer and 250 g per plant organic fertilizer treament.Therefore,compound fertilizer was the most suitable fertilizer for the growth of C.bodinieri ct.citral cuttings,and the fertilizer amount was 25g per plant.The mixed application of organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer could increase the oil yield of leaves of C.bodinieri ct.citral cuttings.