课内外活动对大学生能力发展和学业成绩影响的比较研究

Comparative study on the influence of internal and external activities on their ability development and academic achievement

目的 比较课内外活动对大学生能力发展和学业成绩的影响。方法 基于南京某工科高等院校2018年“中国大学生学习与发展追踪调查(CCSS)”调查数据,通过问卷数据进行回归分析。结果 大学生课内活动参与程度处于中等水平(57±19),课外活动参与整体水平较低(32±22);大学生能力发展处于中上水平(62±21),学业成绩处于中等水平(2.99±0.72)。性别、户籍等人口学变量对大学生能力发展和学业成绩呈负相关(β>0,P<0.05)。课内外活动均与大学生能力发展呈正相关(β>0,P<0.05),且课内活动(β=0.45)的影响大于课外活动(β=0.26)。课内活动与大学生学业成绩呈正相关(β=0.19),而课外活动与学业成绩呈负相关(β=-0.02),尤其课外师生互动(β=-0.14)和技能拓展(β=-0.11)与学业成绩呈负相关。对于大学生能力发展影响最大的是课外师生互动(β=0.25),对大学生学业成绩影响最大的是课程学习活动(β=0.2)。结论 建议学校合理安排课内外活动,学生合理参与课内外活动,以促进能力发展并确保学业进步。

Objective To compare and analyze the influence of inside and outside class activities on their ability development and academic performance. Methods Based on the survey data of 2018 China College Student Survey(CCSS)of an engineering university in Nanjing,the questionnaire data were analyzed.Results The level of activity participation in class was moderate(57±19) and the overall level of extracurricular participation was low(32±22);college students were at the middle level(62±21)and academic performance(2.99 ±0.72). Demographic variables such as gender and household registration had significant effects on their ability development and academic performance(β >0,P <0.05). Both the activities inside and outside had a significant positive impact on the ability development of college students(β>0,P<0.05),and the impact of the in-class activities(β =0.45) was greater than the extracurricular activities(β =0.26). In-class activities had a significant positive impact on their academic performance(β =0.19),while extracurricular activities had a negative effect on their academic performance(β=-0.02),especially extracurricular teachers-students interaction(β=-0.14) and skill expansion(β=-0.11) had a significant negative impact on their academic performance. The biggest influence on college students ′ability development was the extracurricular interaction between teachers and students(β =0.25), and the biggest impact on college students′ academic performance was the course academic activities(β =0.2). Conclusion It is suggested that the school reasonably arrange activities and participate in internal and outside activities to promote ability development and ensure academic progress.