地铁车辆辅助变流器的噪声仿真及测试

Noise Simulation and Test of Auxiliary Converter for Metro Vehicle

为确保某海外地铁车辆辅助变流器满足噪声性能要求,建立辅助变流器的统计能量分析模型,分析平板子系统和声腔子系统的能量分布特征以及噪声传递路径,通过开展不同工况的噪声测试获得声功率级和噪声频谱特性,并对1 800 Hz的振动噪声过大问题开展针对性分析。研究结果表明:测点2和测点5的噪声较高与空气传声、噪声透射和结构辐射噪声有关,测点1的噪声较小与进风口侧的吸声材料布置有关;低速半载和高速满载工况的噪声以IGBT开关频率的2倍频1 800 Hz的电磁噪声为主,变压器顶部壁板和出风口侧壁板的振动频谱以1 800 Hz为主,在该位置粘贴阻尼材料和吸声材料可以降低振动噪声。噪声仿真及测试可为地铁车辆辅助变流器产品的设计开发提供指导。

In order to ensure that the auxiliary converter of an overseas metro vehicle can meet the noise performance requirements, the statistical energy analysis model of the auxiliary converter is established, and the energy distribution characteristics and noise transmission path of the plate subsystem and the acoustic cavity subsystem are analyzed. The problem of excessive vibration and noise of 1 800 Hz is analyzed for guidance. The results show that the higher noise of test point 2 and test point 5 is related to air transmission, noise transmission and structure radiation noise, and the lower noise of test point 1 is related to the arrangement of sound absorbing materials at the air inlet side. The noise of low-speed half load and high-speed full load conditions is mainly electromagnetic noise of 1 800 Hz, which is twice the switching frequency of IGBT. The vibration spectrum of transformer top panel and air outlet side panel is mainly 1 800 Hz. The vibration and noise can be reduced by pasting damping material and sound-absorbing material at this position. Noise simulation and test can provide guidance for the design and development of metro vehicle auxiliary converter products.