剩余污泥和餐厨垃圾制取生物柴油现状及前景分析

Analysis on the Present Situation and Prospect of Biodiesel Production from Waste Activated Sludge and Kitchen Waste

剩余污泥和餐厨垃圾都属于固体废弃物,我国每年产剩余污泥超过3×10^(7) t(含水率为80%),餐厨垃圾将近4.3×10^(7)t,对以上固体废弃物进行资源化已经成为目前发展的趋势.本文以剩余污泥、餐厨垃圾的处理处置及资源化为基础,分析了剩余污泥和餐厨垃圾分别制取生物柴油的现状及面临的问题.通过调节pH和添加营养物质培养剩余污泥,使其发酵用来提高生物柴油产量的方法效率最高;微波辅助工艺和单项共混物作为催化剂联用的方法,用于餐厨垃圾制取生物柴油效果最佳.利用剩余污泥中的有机质和产油微生物、餐厨垃圾中的丰富有机物质,使其联合培养发酵提高微生物油脂用于制取生物柴油的前景可观.

Waste activated sludge and kitchen waste are solid wastes.The annual output of waste activated sludge in China exceeds 3×10^(7)t(moisture content is 80%),and kitchen waste is nearly 4.3×10^(7)t.It has become the current development trend to recycle the above mentioned solid wastes.Based on the treatment and resource utilization of waste activated sludge and kitchen waste,the present situation and problems of biodiesel production from waste activated sludge and kitchen waste were analyzed.The fermentation of waste activated sludge by adjusting pH and adding nutrients was the most efficient method to increase biodiesel production;The microwave-irradiation process and single phase blend were used as catalyst to produce biodiesel,which is a good method.The prospect of improving microbial oil and producing biodiesel by combining cultivation and fermentation of the organic matter as well as the oleaginous microorganism in the waste activated sludge and of the rich organic matter in the kitchen waste is bright.