聚氨酯/导电炭黑复合纤维的制备及其柔性电热性能

Preparation of TPU/conductive carbon black composite fiber and its flexible electrothermal application

为制备具有良好电学性能的聚氨酯(TPU)复合纤维,通过溶液共混制备添加不同质量分数导电炭黑(CB)的聚氨酯纺丝溶液,进一步利用湿法纺丝技术制备TPU/CB复合纤维,并对纺丝液黏度、复合纤维的微观结构及力学、电学性能进行测试、表征。结果表明:复合纺丝液具有显著的切力变稀特性,同时随CB质量分数的增加,纺丝溶液黏度逐渐升高。CB的加入赋予了纤维一定的导电特性,当CB质量分数由2.5%增至10%时,复合纤维电导率可达2.2 S/m,但此时,TPU/CB复合纤维的伸长率由600%逐渐降至130%,同时其力学强度也出现了不同程度的下降。基于材料的弹性和导电特征,复合纤维在通电后显现出良好的柔性电热特性,在30 V电压下电热温度最高可达60 o C。TPU/CB复合纤维材料的探索将为其在柔性可穿戴领域的应用提供一种可行途径。

To prepare polyurethane(TPU)composite fibres with good electrical properties,thermoplastic polyurethane(TPU)spinning solutions with a different mass fraction of conductive carbon black(CB)were prepared by solution blending.Different TPU/CB composite fibers were prepared by the wet spinning technique.The composite fibres of spinning fluid viscosity,microstructure,mechanical and electrical properties were also characterized.The results show that the composite spinning solution has significant shear thinning characteristic,while the viscosity of the spinning solution gradually increases with the increase of CB addition.The addition of CB imparts electrical conductivity properties to the fiber.When the mass fraction of CB increases from 2.5%to 10%,the electrical conductivity of the composite fiber can reach 2.2 S/m.However,based on improving the electrical conductivity,the elongation of the composite fibers gradually decreases from 600%to 130%and their mechanical strength also shows different degrees of decrease.Based on the elastic and conductive characteristics of the materials,the composite fiber shows good flexible electrothermal properties after being energized,and their electrothermal temperature reaches up to 60 o C at 30 V.The exploration of TPU/CB composite fiber provides a viable avenue for their further application in the field of flexible wearable.