老年学习特征、障碍与促进策略的文献研究

A Literature-based Study on the Characteristics,Obstacles and Promotion Strategies of Learning for the Elderly

从2010年到2030年,全球老年人口比例将会翻倍,2050年甚至会超过总人口的1/4。随着我国老年人口的迅速增长,老年学习成为重要的研究议题。研究发现:老年学习能够有效促进老年人身心健康、促进老年人成功老龄化和社会进步;与之前相比,老年人的生理特征、学习动机、学习需求都发生了较大的改变;老年学习的主要障碍包括内部障碍(生理、心理)与外部障碍(物理、供给、信息技术)。据此提出老年学习的促进策略包括四个方面:树立终身学习理念实现成功老龄化,进行供给侧改革丰富学习内容,减少老年学习障碍,开展多种形式的社会化学习。

The proportion of the world's elderly population is expected to double between 2010 and 2030,and exceeds a quarter of the population by 2050.With the rapid growth of the elderly population in China,the elder learning has become an increasingly important research topic.The results show that elder learning can effectively promote the physical and mental health of the elderly,promote the successful aging of the elderly and the social progress.Compared with before,the physiological characteristics,learning motivation,learning needs of the elderly have changed greatly.The main barriers to the elder learning include internal barriers(physical,psychological)and external barriers(physical,supply,information technology).Based on this,the strategies to promote the elder learning are put forward in the following four aspects:establishing the concept of lifelong learning to achieve successful aging,carrying out supply-side reform to enrich learning content,reducing learning barriers in the elderly,and carrying out various forms of socialized learning.