紫金龙营养器官组织结构和组织化学定位研究

Tissue structure and histochemistry localization from different vegetative organs of Dactylicapnos scandens

【目的】对紫金龙各营养器官的组织显微结构和组织化学定位进行研究,明确紫金龙各器官的组织构造特点和4种化学成分的分布积累特征。【方法】分别制作紫金龙根、茎和叶片的横切片,运用显微镜观察并分析各营养器官的组织结构,利用组织化学定位方法对黄酮、多糖、生物碱及皂苷等多类成分进行定位及分布特征分析。【结果】明确了紫金龙各器官的组织形态及构造特点;黄酮类成分主要分布在皮层基本薄壁组织、维管束、少数乳汁管及叶肉等组织细胞中。生物碱类成分主要分布在皮层基本薄壁组织、维管束及叶肉等组织细胞中。多糖及皂苷类成分则主要分布在皮层基本薄壁组织、维管束及叶肉和叶表皮等组织细胞中。4类物质在各器官的分布量为根>茎>叶。【结论】紫金龙各营养器官的显微构造特征可以作为原植物及药材的鉴别依据。根、茎、叶3种营养器官均有黄酮、生物碱、多糖及皂苷的分布,但各自分布的部位及组织细胞有所不同。研究结果可为紫金龙资源的开发利用提供参考依据。

[Objective]The microstructure and histochemistry localization from different organs of Dactylicapnos scandens were studied,in order to clarify the histological characteristics and distribution and accumulation patterns of four chemical components of D.scandens.[Method]The cross sections of roots,stems and leaves of D.scandens were prepared,and the histological structure of each organ was observed by microscopy.The distribution and accumulation characteristics of flavonoids,alkaloids,polysaccharides and saponins were analyzed by histochemical localization.[Result]The histomorphology and structural characteristics of the three organs of D.scandens were clarified.The flavonoids were mainly distributed in cortex parenchyma,vascular bundle,laticifers and mesophyll cells.The alkaloids were mainly distributed in cortex parenchyma,vascular bundle and mesophyll cells.The polysaccharides and saponins were mainly distributed in cortex parenchyma,vascular bundles and mesophyll cells,leaf epidermis cells.The concentration of those 4 substances was most abundant in root,followed by stem and leaf.[Conclusion]The microstructural characteristics of the organs of D.scandens can be used as a basis for the identification of the original plants and medicinal materials.Flavonoids,alkaloids,polysaccharides and saponins were distributed in all three organs,but their localization inside cells or between tissue cells were different.The research results could provide reference for the development and utilization of D.scandens resources.