《汉书·艺文志》不著录中《古文易经》、古文《诗》考论

Why the Bibliography of Han Shu Does not include the Ancient Text Versions of The Book of Change and The Book of Songs

《易》类不著录中《古文易经》,实属正常;不著录中《古文易经》,是因为中《古文易经》在探求《易》原本所保存的先王之道上较施、孟、梁丘三家今文经并不具有优势。《诗》类不著录古文《诗》,亦属正常,其原因则或为刘向图书整理时未见到古文《诗》,或为所见古文《诗》在反映《诗》原本所保存的先王之道上较鲁、齐、韩三家今文经不具有优势。至于《书》类著录《尚书古文经》、《礼》类著录《礼古经》、《春秋》类著录《春秋古经》,是因为三者来源可靠,篇卷相对完备,字数相对完足,文字没有经过改动,字体没有经过转换,能够反映孔子当初所保存的先王之道,在探求先王之道上具有优势。《论语》类著录古文经、《孝经》类著录《孝经古孔氏》,也是因为它们来源可靠、篇卷相对完备等,在解读孔子的思想、观念上较今文经具有优势。

It is normal that the ancient text version of I Ching(The Book of Change)was not included,because the ancient text version has no advantage compare with the three modern texts in terms of exploring the ancient Kingly Way in the original texts.Not including the ancient text Book of Songs is also normal,the reason is that probably Liu Xiang had not seen the ancient text version at all,or because the ancient texts had no advantage in terms of exploring the ancient Kingly Way than the three modern versions of Qi,Lu and Han.As for why the ancient text version of The Book of Documents,The Book of Rituals and the Spring and Autumn Chronicles were included,the reason is that all of the three have a reliable resources and the texts are comparatively complete without being revised or manipulated,so they have some advantage in terms of exploring the ancient Kingly Way as preserved by Confucius at his time.Similarly,the ancient texts edition of Confucius Analects and the Classic of Filial Piety were also included because their resource was reliable,the texts were complete,and have obvious advantage for understanding Confucius’ideas.