喷雾对温室温湿度影响的试验研究

Experimental Study on the Effect of Spray on Greenhouse Temperature and Humidity

为降低夏季高温时温室内的温度,通过试验研究双拱双膜温室单喷头喷雾降温过程。探究单喷头不同雾化指标、喷雾时长及侧窗开闭条件下的室内温湿度变化规律。结果表明:①固定喷头工作时间和喷嘴直径,增大水压力,降温和增湿幅度增大;固定喷头工作时间和水压力,增大喷嘴直径,降温和增湿幅度增大。固定相同的雾化指标,降温和增湿幅度随喷雾时间的延长而增加。②当温室内初始温度为40℃,喷雾5 min且关闭侧窗时,设置不同水压力和喷嘴直径,温度降低2~4℃,相对湿度增加20%~30%;开启侧窗时,温度降低5~7℃,相对湿度增加5%~10%。喷雾的同时开启侧窗,可在降低温度的同时,降低室内增湿幅度。③水压力0.25 MPa、喷嘴直径0.75 mm、喷雾时间10 min并配合侧窗通风为该试验降温效果最优且能耗最低的工况,可为双拱双膜温室夏季的快速降温提供参考。

In order to reduce the temperature in the greenhouse during the high temperature in summer,the spray cooling process of a single nozzle in a double-arch double-membrane greenhouse was studied through experiments so as to explore the indoor temperature and humidity change rule under different atomization indexes,spray duration and side window opening and closing conditions of single nozzle.The results showed that:①With fixed nozzle working time and nozzle diameter,increasing the water pressure increased the cooling and humidifying range;with fixed working time and water pressure of the nozzle,increasing the nozzle diameter increased the cooling and humidifying range.With fixed same atomization index,the range of cooling and humidification increased with the extension of spraying time.②When the initial temperature in the greenhouse was 40℃,under the condition of spraying for 5 minutes and closed the side window,through seting different water pressure and nozzle diameter,the temperature decreased by 2~4℃,and the relative humidity increased by 20%~30%;while when the side window was opened,the temperature decreased by 5~7℃,the relative humidity increased by 5%~10%.Opening the side windows and spraying at the same time could lower the temperature while reducing indoor humidification.③Water pressure of 0.25 MPa,nozzle diameter of 0.75 mm,spraying time of 10 min,and side window ventilation were the conditions with the best cooling effect and the lowest energy consumption,which could provide reference for rapid cooling of double arch and double membrane greenhouse in summer.