高海拔地区不同饮食习惯人群的肠道菌群差异研究

Study on the Difference of Intestinal Flora Between Tibetan and Han Population at High Altitude

目的分析高海拔地区藏、汉两民族非疾病人群肠道菌群的特征及差异。方法选取非疾病藏族与汉族人各100名,分析两民族饮食结构特点,并从中选取两民族人群各10名,采集粪便标本行16S rRNA基因高通量测序,分析藏、汉两民族人群肠道菌群特征,比较肠道菌群的差异并探讨导致其差异的因素。结果非疾病藏族与汉族人群肠道菌群存在明显差异。在门水平上,藏族人群的拟杆菌门和变形菌门的相对丰度高于汉族人群,厚壁菌门、软壁菌门、放线菌门相对丰度低于汉族人群。肠道菌群中拟杆菌的丰度与饮食中蛋白质的含量呈正相关,普氏菌的丰度与细粮的含量呈正相关,软壁菌门的丰度与蔬菜、水果的含量呈正相关。结论高海拔地区非疾病藏族与汉族人群的肠道菌群存在差异,其差异可能与人种及饮食结构的差异有关。

Objective To analyze the characteristics and differences of intestinal flora in non-disease people of Tibetan and Han nationalities at high altitude.Methods 100 non-disease Tibetans and 100 Hans matched in age and sex were recruited for routine physical examination,10 people from each of the two ethnic groups were selected,dietary habits questionnaire survey was conducted to analyze the characteristics of dietary structure of the two groups,stool samples were collected in the morning,and the characteristics of intestinal flora of the two groups were analyzed by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing.The differences of intestinal microflora between Tibetan and Han population were compared and the influencing factors were discussed.Results There were significant differences in intestinal flora between non-disease Tibetan population and Han population.At the gate level,the relative abundance of bacteroidetes and proteobacteria of bacteroides in non-disease Tibetan population was higher than that of non-disease Han population,while the relative abundance of firmicutes,tenericutes and actinobacteria of actinomycetes in non-disease Tibetan population was lower than that in non-disease Han population.At the species level,the relative abundance of prebotella in bacteroides prebotella,bifidobacteriales in bifidobacterium and lactobacillus lactobacillales in lactobacillus in non-disease Tibetan population was significantly lower than that in Han population.The Pearson correlation analysis showed that the abundance of Bacteroides in intestinal flora was positively correlated with the content of protein(livestock,poultry and eggs)in diet,the abundance of prussiella was positively correlated with the content of fine grain,the abundance of soft-wall bacteria was positively correlated with the content of vegetables and fruits.Conclusion There are differences in intestinal flora between non-disease Tibetan and Han people,and the difference may be related to different dietary structure.