基于位移信息融合的露天矿边坡动态预警方法

Dynamic early warning method of open-pit mine slopes based on integrated displacement information

为有效利用露天矿边坡安全预警监测中的多测点信息,考虑边坡通常以位移监测为主,且随开采进程测点布设时间不同及坡高的动态变化特性,提出基于位移信息融合的露天矿边坡动态预警方法。首先,以监测剖面为单元,采用数值模拟方法确定各监测剖面位移动态分级预警阈值;然后,采用联邦Kalman滤波融合同一监测剖面多测点位移监测信息,获得表达各监测剖面实时稳定状态的动态位移融合值;最后,通过比较监测剖面动态位移融合值和位移动态分级预警阈值,实时动态预警边坡各监测剖面的稳定性状态。重庆忠县某石灰岩露天矿边坡的监测预警应用表明:该预警方法不仅能充分利用多测点信息,实时分区安全预警边坡,而且可以预判边坡未来开挖过程的稳定性。

In order to effectively use information of multiple measurement points for early-warning and monitoring of slope safety in open-pit mines, considering the importance of displacement monitoring and its variation along with time of measuring points setting and slope height during mining, a dynamic warning method using integrated displacement information was proposed. Firstly, with monitoring profile as a unit, dynamic grading early warning threshold for displacement of each profile was determined through numerical simulation. Secondly, federated Kalman filter was used to integrate monitoring information of different measuring points from the same profile and obtain integrated displacement value representing timely stable state of each profile. Finally, by comparing integrated value with early warning threshold, real-time early-warning for steady state of each profile was realized. Application of the method in a limestone open-pit mine slope, located in Zhongxian county of Chongqing, shows that it can not only fully utilize information of multiple measurement points to send early warning in different regions in real-time, but also predict stability of slopes during mining process.