苏联俄罗斯后现代主义建筑研究(1956-2020)

Post-modern Architecture in Soviet Union and Russia(1956-2020)

二战后,现代主义建筑因其功能的实用,建造的高效,迅速满足战后大量建设的需要,但也逐渐出现了单调统一的国际主义建筑的千篇一律、缺乏创新等问题,在欧美各国开始了后现代主义建筑的探索,后现代主义的实践出现,特别是美国的后现代主义建筑,展示了对国际式的反思。苏联俄罗斯后现代主义建筑因其特殊的政治体制、历史环境、文化脉络,其起源与发展也带有独特的地域特点,大量带有探索性与冲击力的后现代主义特征的建筑引人瞩目。基于建成建筑形成的多样性与地域性特征,详细分析研究苏俄后现代主义建筑的起源与发展,并与美国后现代主义建筑进行比较,梳理总结其形成差异与风格特征,对于现代建筑设计理念的发展变化和重新审视具有重要意义。

After World War Ⅱ, modernism architecture quickly met the needs of a large number of post-war constructions due to its practical functions and construction efficiency. However, problems such as monotonous and unified internationalist architecture development and the lack of innovation gradually emerged. Therefore, postmodernism architecture began to be explored in European and American countries. The practice of post-modernism has emerged in many countries, especially in the United States, which shows the reflection of international style.Because of its special political system, historical environment and cultural context, the origin and development of postmodern architecture in Soviet Union and Russia also have unique regional characteristics. The construction of many exploratory and impactful buildings with post-modernism features is remarkable. Based on the diversity and regional characteristics of the built architecture, this paper analyses the origin and development of post-modern architecture in Soviet Union and Russia, and compares it with American post-modern architecture, and summarises its formation diferences and style characteristics. It is of great signifcance to re-examine the development of modern architectural design concept.