人工智能参与公共决策对公众信任的影响--一项基于调查实验的实证研究

The Influence of Artificial Intelligence Algorithm Participating in Public Decision Making on Public Trust--A survey experiment study

政府部门已经开始尝试使用人工智能制定公共决策,但与此相关的信任问题同样需要引起重视。本文探讨人工智能参与公共决策对公众信任的影响,认为公众对于人工智能制定的决策的信任程度取决于决策的类型。研究以公共管理学科的140名本科生和Credamo网络平台的200名用户为样本,进行了两项调查实验,对研究假设进行了检验。结果表明,对于更多涉及定量运算的决策,有人工智能技术参与制定的决策被证明具有更高的可信任度;而对于更多涉及情景判断的定性决策,公众更倾向于认为涉及公共管理者参与的决策的可信任程度更高。由此,提出政府部门应根据决策的类型考虑是否将人工智能技术纳入决策过程,特别是当决策的复杂程度较高、需要更多人的价值判断时更应该审慎对待。

In terms of public decision-making,some governments have tried to replace human beings with AI technology to make decisions.At the same time,however,the issue of trust associated with using AI to make public decisions still deserves attention.In view of this,this paper aims to explore the impact of using AI algorithm to make public decisions on the public’s perception of trust.And hypothesis that the public’s perception of trust for AI-made decisions will depend on the type of decisions.In this paper,140 undergraduates of public administration discipline and 200 users of Credamo were selected as samples respectively,to test the research hypothesis in two survey experiments.The results show that for quantitative decisions,the decision-making process involving AI technology is proved to have higher degree of trust.As for qualitative decisions,the public is more inclined to trust that the decision-making process involving the participation of public managers.The above results indicate that government departments should consider whether to incorporate AI technology into the public decision-making process according to the types of decisions,and it should be treated with caution when the decision is of relatively high complexity and more human value judgments are needed.