试给一个确当的技术定义

Try to Give a Proper Definition for Technology

技术是一个难以说好的概念。学界对技术的定义甚多,若以归属为标准,共可分出九类不同的定义。经过逐一析评,可以发现它们都有不足,或是归类不当,或是偏窄或偏宽。为了解决技术难定义的问题,有些学者对怎样正确定义技术的问题进行了思考,只是所提出的四种思路,都难称有效。有鉴于此,本文从最简单的具体技术出发探讨构成技术的共有要素,从而将技术定义为做成超本能之事的成套做法。这个技术定义尽管简短,却既不狭隘,也不宽泛;既能适应不断发展的技术和整个技术史,也能将技术与技能、技巧、技艺等相似概念做出恰当的区分。并且,还能由它合乎逻辑地推出一套具有说服力的技术观。因此,它应当就是确当的技术定义。

Technology is an indescribable concept.There are many definitions of technology in academic circles.If affiliation is the standard,there are nine different definitions.After analyzing and evaluating one by one,it can be found that they all have shortcomings,or are improperly classified,or are too narrow or too wide.In order to solve the problem that technology is difficult to define,some scholars have thought about how to define technology correctly,but the four ideas they put forward are hard to be effective.In view of this,I think that we should start from the simplest specific technology to explore the common elements that constitute technology,so as to define technology as a set of methods that make things beyond instinct.Although the definition of technology is brief,it is neither narrow nor broad;it can not only adapt to the evolving technology and the entire history of technology,but also make a proper distinction between technology and similar concepts such as skills,techniques,and craft.Moreover,it can logically introduce a set of persuasive technical views.Therefore,it should be the correct definition of technology.