硅-金属基复合储锂材料研究概述

An Overview of the Research on Silicon-Metal Matrix Composite Lithium Storage Materials

用高容量硅材料替代传统石墨负极以提升锂离子电池能量密度是当下的研究热点。硅负极在实际应用过程中由于自身电导率低、嵌锂时存在严重的体积膨胀效应,使得材料的倍率性能差、循环性能不理想,难以实现商业化应用。将导电性能优异的金属与储锂容量高的硅进行复合被视为有效的改性策略之一。本文介绍了硅-金属基负极在材料的结构设计、合成方法、电化学性能的研究进展,并对储锂性能提升机制进行了探讨。

Replacing traditional graphite anodes with high-capacity silicon materials to improve the energy density of lithium-ion batteries is a current research hot spot.Due to the low conductivity of silicon anode and the serious volume expansion effect during lithium intercalation,the silicon anode has poor rate capa-bility and unsatisfactory cycle performance,and it is difficult to achieve commercial application.The composite of metals with excellent electrical conductivity and silicon with high lithium storage capacity is regarded as one of the effective modification strategies.This article introduces the research progress of the structure design,synthesis method and electrochemical performance of silicon-metal-based anode materi-als,and discusses the improvement mechanism of lithium storage performance.