2006—2020年陕西省眉县儿童跌倒/坠落伤害病例分析

Analysis on cases of tumble/fall injuries among children in Meixian County of Shaanxi Province from 2006-2020

目的分析2006—2020年陕西省眉县儿童跌倒/坠落伤害病例特征,为制定儿童跌倒/坠落伤害预防策略提供依据。方法收集2006年1月1日—2020年12月31日在陕西省眉县3家哨点医院门急诊就诊的0~17岁儿童跌倒/坠落伤害首诊病例,对病例变化趋势和基本情况以及伤害发生情况进行分析。结果2006—2020年共收集儿童跌倒/坠落伤害病例2118例,各年儿童跌倒/坠落伤害均居于同年儿童伤害发生原因的第1位,男女性别比为2.54∶1。伤害发生高峰日为7月20日(Z=42.37,P<0.05),每天在10:00和17:00形成2个高峰。伤害发生地点前3位分别是家中(44.52%)、学校与公共场所(30.83%)和公路/街道(10.91%),受伤部位依次为头部(42.35%)、上肢(21.67%)和下肢(18.89%),伤害性质主要为挫伤/擦伤(37.11%)、骨折(24.46%)、脑震荡/脑挫裂伤(14.97%);严重程度以轻度(65.39%)和中度(31.11%)为主,46.69%的病例留观/住院/转院。结论跌倒/坠落伤害对陕西省眉县儿童健康威胁较大,应根据病例的分布特征选择优先的干预方向并开展干预活动。

Objective To analyze the characteristics of tumble/fall injuries cases among children in Meixian County of Shaanxi Province from 2006-2020,provide basis for formulating prevention strategies of fall/fall injuries in children.Methods The data of tumble/fall injuries cases of children aged 0-17 years old,who were treated in the first visit of outpatient and emergency department in three sentinel hospitals of Meixian County from January 1,2006 to December 31,2020,were collected to analyze the trend and basic information of cases and the occurrence of injuries.Results A total of 2118 cases of tumble/fall injuries in children were collected from 2006 to 2020.Children falling injury was the first cause of injury in each year,with the gender ratio of 2.54∶1.The peak date of injury was July 20(Z=42.37,P<0.05),with two peaks at 10:00 and 17:00 every day.The common places of injury occurred were home(44.52%),school and public places(30.83%)and road/street(10.91%).The main injured parts were head(42.35%),upper limb(21.67%)and lower limb(18.89%),and the most diagnosis were contusion/abrasion(37.11%),fracture(24.46%)and concussion/brain contusion(14.97%).The severity of injuries mainly was mild(65.39%)and moderate(31.11%),and 46.69%of the cases were in observation/hospitalization/transfer.Conclusion The tumble/fall injury is a great threat to the health of children in Meixian County of Shaanxi Province,and the priority intervention direction should be selected and intervention activities should be carried out according to the distribution characteristics of cases.