基于可拓理论的传统民居建筑改造创新设计研究——以北京市房山区宝水村为例

A Research on Innovative Design of Traditional Residential Building Reconstruction Based on Extension Theory--Taking Baoshui Village in Fangshan District,Beijing as an Example

随着社会的发展,传统民居建筑形式已逐渐不能满足现代人们的生活需求,迫切需要更新与发展。虽然传统民居改造实践较多,但仍存在建筑设计的创新性不足、改造后的建筑不能融入地区建筑环境中、传统建造技艺缺失等问题。因此,传统民居改造策略更加需要严谨的生成过程。可拓学的基本思想是用形式化的方法处理各领域中的矛盾问题,非常适合作为民居改造实践中科学分析矛盾以及提出可行策略的工具。本文以宝水村民居改造为例,建立基于可拓学的问题模型,对目标、条件进行分析,通过可拓变换方法解决矛盾生成策略,最后对策略进行优度评价,得出最优策略。探索村落民居改造可拓策略生成过程,一方面为村落民居改造实践过程中的形式化方法提供参考,另一方面可以使村落传统民居的文化得以延续和重生。

With the development of society,the traditional residential building form has gradually failed to meet the needs of modern people’s life,which urgently needs to be updated and developed.At the same time,there are many practices in the transformation of traditional dwellings.However,there are also many problems in the transformation.For example,the innovation of architectural design is insufficient,the transformed buildings cannot be integrated into the regional architectural environment,and the traditional construction skills are missing,and so on.Therefore,traditional residential transformation strategy needs more rigorous generation process.The basic idea of Extenics is to use formal methods to deal with contradictions in various fields,which is very suitable as a tool for scientific analysis of contradictions and feasible strategies in the practice of residential transformation.Baoshui Village is taken as an example,the problem model established based on Extenics,the objectives and conditions analyzed,the contradiction solved through the extension transformation method,the strategy generated,and finally excellent standard evaluating method used to obtain the optimal strategy.The generation process of extension strategy for rural residential transformation is explored.On the one hand,it can provide a reference for the formalization of the practice process of rural residential transformation in the future,and on the other hand,it can make the culture of traditional rural residential continue and regenerate.