磁共振扩散张量成像定量评估半程马拉松运动对男性业余运动员大腿肌群的影响

Diffusion tensor imaging in quantitative evaluation on thigh muscle of male amateur marathon runners after running a half marathon

目的应用扩散张量成像(DTI)技术,探讨半程马拉松运动对男性业余马拉松运动员大腿肌群的影响。方法招募2020年5至8月浙江省杭州市男性业余马拉松运动员17名,年龄27~57(43.7±2.8)岁。所有受试者于半程马拉松运动前、运动后3 h、3 d、7 d分别接受双侧大腿肌肉MRI检查,应用DTI序列获得各向异性分数值(FA)。在双侧大腿肌肉横轴位上测量股直肌、股中间肌、股内侧肌、股外侧肌、股二头肌长头、半腱肌、半膜肌、大收肌、长收肌的FA值。采用非参数的Friedman M检验比较运动前后各时间点各肌肉FA值的变化情况,对有统计学意义的肌肉进行跑前与跑后3 h、3 d、7 d的FA值两两比较。结果大腿肌群整体FA值[M(Q_(1),Q_(3))]在跑后3 h较跑前下降且差异具有统计学意义[0.24(0.20,0.28)比0.25(0.21,0.29),P<0.001],跑后3 d、7 d较跑前基线值差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。股中间肌、股内侧肌、半膜肌、大收肌在跑后3 h的FA值较跑前下降[0.19(0.18,0.22)比0.21(0.19,0.24)、0.19(0.17,0.20)比0.21(0.18,0.23)、0.26(0.24,0.29)比0.27(0.15,0.30)、0.20(0.19,0.22)比0.21(0.20,0.23),均P<0.05],跑后3 d、7 d较跑前差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。股外侧肌跑后3 h的FA值较跑前下降但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),跑后7 d开始升高且较跑后3 h升高差异有统计学意义[0.24(0.21,0.27)比0.23(0.19,0.25),P=0.002]。股直肌跑后3 h的FA值较跑前下降但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),跑后3 d开始升高且较跑后3 h升高差异有统计学意义[0.29(0.26,0.34)比0.26(0.23,0.29),P=0.006]。长收肌在跑后3 h的FA值较跑前升高但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),跑后3 d、7 d继续升高,较跑后3 h差异具有统计学意义[0.23(0.21,0.25)比0.22(0.19,0.24)、0.23(0.21,0.26)比0.22(0.19,0.24),均P<0.05]。结论半程马拉松跑步后大腿肌肉FA值变化是可逆的。在半程马拉松运动后3 h,业余马拉松运动员大腿股中间肌、股内侧肌、半膜肌、大收肌的FA值下降最明显,可能是跑步过程的优势肌群。

Objective To investigate the effect of half marathon on thigh muscle in male amateur marathon runners by diffusion tensor imaging(DTI).Methods A total of 17 male amateur marathon runners aged from 27 to 57(43.7±2.8)years were recruited from May to August 2020 in Hangzhou,Zhejiang Province.MRI examination of bilateral thigh muscles were performed before and 3 h,3 d and 7 d after a half marathon.The fractional anisotropy(FA)values was obtained by DTI sequence.The FA values of rectus femoris,intermedius femoris,medial femoris,lateral femoris,biceps femoris longus,semitendinosus,semimembranosus,adductor magnus and adductor longus were measured on the horizontal axis of bilateral thigh muscles.Friedman M test was used to compare the changes of FA values of each muscle at each time point before and after running,and pairwise comparison of FA values of statistically significant muscles at 3 h,3 d and 7 d after running was performed.Results The overall FA value of thigh muscle group[M(Q_(1),Q_(3))]at 3 h after running was decreased compared to before running[0.24(0.20,0.28)to 0.25(0.21,0.29),P<0.001],and there was no significant difference between baseline values at 3 d and 7 d after running(all P>0.05).FA values of vastus intermedius,vastus medialis,semimembranosus and adductor magnus at 3 h after running were lower than those before running[(0.19(0.18,0.22)vs 0.21(0.19,0.24),0.19(0.17,0.20)vs 0.21(0.18,0.23),0.26(0.24),0.29)vs 0.27(0.15,0.30)and 0.20(0.19,0.22)vs 0.21(0.20,0.23),both P<0.05],and there was no statistical significance between 3 d and 7 d after running and those before running(all P>0.05).FA value of vastus lateralis muscle at 3 h after running decreased compared with that before running,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).FA value began to increase at 7 d after running,and the difference was statistically significant[0.24(0.21,0.27)vs 0.23(0.19,0.25),P=0.002].FA value of rectus femoris muscle at 3 h after running decreased compared with that before running,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05),and began to increase at 3 d after running and the difference was statistically significant[0.29(0.26,0.34)vs 0.26(0.23,0.29),P=0.006].FA value of adductor longus muscle increased at 3 h after running,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).FA value continued to increase at 3 d and 7 d after running,and the difference was statistically significant[0.23(0.21,0.25)vs 0.22(0.19,0.24),0.23(0.21,0.26)vs 0.22(0.19,0.24),all P<0.05].Conclusions The change of FA value of thigh muscle after half marathon is reversible.At 3 h after half marathon,FA values of femoris intermedius,femoris medialis,semimembranosus muscle and adductor magnus muscle of amateur marathon runners decreased most obviously,which may be the dominant muscle group during running.