甘肃省某地区老年烧伤患者流行病学调查及分析

Epidemiological investigation and analysis of elderly burns in a certain area of Gansu Province

目的:分析甘肃省兰州地区老年烧伤患者的烧伤原因和特点,为采取相应预防措施降低老年患者烧伤发生率提供依据。方法:选取甘肃省人民医院烧伤科2016年9月—2021年9月收治的年龄≥60岁的老年患者作为研究对象,对患者的年龄、性别、致伤原因、致伤地点、烧伤季节特点、烧伤特征、院前送急救情况、治疗结局等临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:共计168例老年烧伤患者中,60~69岁患者最多,占56.5%(95例)。烧伤严重程度以中度烧伤为主,占70.2%(118例)。烧伤部位以头面颈部最多见。致伤主要原因为火焰烧伤,占58.3%(98例),其中化学烧伤和取暖设备低温烧伤(分别有4例和8例)均为中度和重度烧伤。致伤地点以家庭中多见,占75.0%(126例),其中农田中烧伤17例均为中度以上烧伤。烧伤季节以春季多见,占33.3%(56例)。轻度、中度和重度烧伤患者中均有超过一半的患者到我院就诊前在当地医院或诊所治疗或者自行处理创面。有57.7%(97例)的患者接受创面换药治疗,42.3%(71例)的患者进行手术治疗,128例(76.2%)患者治愈好转。平均住院时间为19 d。结论:甘肃省兰州地区60岁以上老年烧伤患者以60~69岁多见,且以中度烧伤居多。火焰烧伤为常见原因,发生地点以家庭中最多,春季是老年烧伤高发季节。需要加强对烧伤急救常识的宣传,并减少家庭烧伤的发生隐患。

Objective:To analyze causes and characteristics of burns in elderly patients in Lanzhou,Gansu province,for providing basis for taking corresponding preventive measures to reduce the incidence of burn in elderly patients.Methods:From Sep.2016 to Sep.2021,a total of 168 elderly patients over 60 years old who were admitted to the burn department in Gansu Provincial Hospital were selected as the research objects.The clinical data of the patients were retrospectively analyzed,including age,sex,cause of injury,location of injury,season characteristics of burn,burn characteristics,pre-hospital emergency treatment and treatment outcomes.Results:Among 168 elderly burn patients,60-69 years old patients accounted for 56.5%(95 cases).The severity of burns was mainly moderate,accounting for 70.2%(118 cases).Head,face and neck were the most common burned sites.The main cause of injury was flame burn,accounting for 58.3%(98 cases).Among which,chemical burns and low temperature burns from heating equipment(4 and 8 cases,respectively)were moderate and severe burns.Most injuries occurred in families,accounting for 75%(126 cases).Among which,17 cases of burns in farmland were moderate or above.Burn season was more common in spring,accounting for 33.3%(56 cases).Before coming to Gansu Provincial People's Hospital,more than half of mild,moderate and severe burn patients were treated at local hospitals or clinics,or by themselves.57.7%(97 cases)of patients received wound dressing change,42.3%(71 cases)of patients underwent surgery,128 patients(76.2%)were cured and improved.The average length of hospital stay was 19 days.Conclusions:In Lanzhou,Gansu province,burn patients aged 60 to 69 years old are more common,and most of them were moderate burns.Flame burns are the most common cause,most of which occurred in families.Spring is the most common season of burn in elderly.It is necessary to strengthen the publicity of first aid knowledge of burns and reduce the occurrence of hidden dangers of family burns.