全球博士后学术发展困境的现实表征与生成机理

The Realistic Representation and Formation Mechanism of Global Postdoctoral Academic Development Dilemma

在全球学术劳动力市场,博士后经历已经成为青年学者走向学术独立的重要途径。但在现实图景中,博士后仍遭遇诸多学术发展困境,主要表现为权利义务层面的关系失衡、知识生产层面的劳动剥削与角色建构层面的身份困境。这一现实实质体现了博士后学术自主与发展依附之间的现实悖论。究其缘由,新公共管理运动与灵活雇佣、学术资本主义与知识商品化、主客体能力缺位与投入不足已经成为影响全球博士后学术发展的关键因素。在宏观结构制约与微观实践限制的双重影响下,这一现实是经由学术发展条件制约、学术依附问题内生与学术发展困境外显三个阶段而逐渐生成的。为此,当下制度应该回归人的主体路径,为博士后打造可持续化的学术支持环境。

In the global academic labor market,postdoctoral experience has become a major avenue for young scholars to achieve academic independence.However,in the realistic picture,postdocs still encounter many academic development difficulties,which are mainly manifested in the imbalance between rights and obligations,the labor exploitation in knowledge production and the identity dilemma in role construction.In essence,the dilemma is a realistic paradox between the academic autonomy and developmental attachment of postdocs.The new public management movement and flexible employment,academic capitalism and knowledge commercialization,the absence of subject-object ability and time investment have become the key factors of the global postdoctoral academic development.Under the dual influence of macro structure restriction and micro practice constraint,the post-doctoral academic development dilemma is gradually generated in three stages:the restriction of academic development conditions,the endogenous problem of academic attachment and the explicit dilemma of academic development.Therefore,the current system should return to the people-oriented path,and create a sustainable academic support environment for postdocs.