湖泊营养物基准国内外研究进展及展望

Progress and Prospect of the Research on Lake Nutrient Criteria

湖泊富营养化及藻类爆发是全球水生态系统面临的重要问题,而湖泊营养物基准研究对于控制湖泊富营养化具有重要意义。国内外针对这一主题开展了一系列研究工作,制定了相关政策指南。本文总结了国内外湖泊营养物基准的最新研究进展,发现由于湖泊所在地区及其本身特性的差异,影响其富营养化的因素不同,从而营养物基准也不同。针对由于湖泊特征差异而产生的其对营养物响应的差异性,建议根据我国实际情况,在国外生态分区理念的基础上再对我国湖泊分类进行细化。此外,在研究湖泊基准时还应考虑湖泊的生态功能,从而可以在保护湖泊生态的同时充分利用湖泊水体的环境容量。

Lake eutrophication and algae blooms are crucial issues that the global water ecosystem confronts. The study of lake nutrient criteria is of great significance for controlling the lake eutrophication. A series of studies has been conducted on this topic worldwide and relevant policies and guidelines have been formulated. The latest research progress on the lake nutrient criteria is provided by reviewing domestic and foreign literature. It is found that the lake nutrient criteria vary worldwide. The variation may be due to many factors affecting the status of eutrophication, such as the region where the lake is located and the characteristic of the lake. In view of different responses of lakes with diverse characteristics to nutrients, it is suggested that the classification of lakes in China should be further refined on the basis of the ecoregional nutrient criteria abroad. Moreover, ecological functions of the lake should be considered in the study of the lake nutrient criteria, so that the water environmental capacity of the lake can be fully utilized while the lake ecosystem is being protected.