带筋薄壁构件成形制造技术的发展与展望

A review on manufacturing technologies of thin-walled components with ribs

作为空天和武器等高端装备关键结构的带筋薄壁构件,其整体化成形制造是实现装备轻质化并提升其性能的有效途径。根据带筋薄壁构件的发展,对其进行分类,以壁板类与筒/环类构件为出发点,归纳了2类带筋构件成形制造工艺与研究进展。针对筋板类构件,概述了传统制造技术、整体加载近净塑性成形技术和局部加载近净塑性成形技术的发展历程,进一步从加工原理、技术和工装等方面对3类技术进行了综述,并对比了几种主要成形工艺的特点与构件性能的差异。对筋筒/环类构件,综述了挤压、旋压、包络成形等典型塑性成形制造工艺的最新进展,并对比了各类工艺的技术特色与拓展潜力。基于研究进展分析,总结了带筋薄壁构件成形制造技术的发展趋势与所面临的挑战。

As key structural parts of aerospace and weaponry,the integrated manufacturing of thin-walled components with ribs is an effective method to achieve the lightweight of high-end equipment and improve its performance.According to the development of thin-walled components with ribs,it was classified in this paper.Based on panel and cylindrical/ring parts,the research progress of manufacturing technology of two types of ribbed components were summarized.With regard to the rib-web parts,the development history of traditional forming technology,integral near-net plastic forming technology and local loading near-net plastic forming technology were reviewed.Then,the above three kinds of technology of processing theory,technology and tooling were discussed,and the characteristics of manufacturing and the differences in component performance were compared.For the cylindrical/ring parts with ribs,the latest research progress of extrusion,spinning and envelope forming on component manufacturing were reviewed,and the technical characteristics and development potential of various processes were compared.Based on the analysis of the above research,the development trend and technical challenges of manufacturing technology of thin-walled components with ribs were summarized.